Elucidating effects of cell architecture, electrode material, and solution composition on overpotentials in redox flow batteries

Alan M. Pezeshki; Robert L. Sacci; Frank M. Delnick; Douglas S. Aaron; Matthew M. Mench

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.056

Elucidating effects of cell architecture, electrode material, and solution composition on overpotentials in redox flow batteries

Alan M. Pezeshki, Robert L. Sacci, Frank M. Delnick, Douglas S. Aaron, Matthew M. Mench

Energy Storage & Conversion

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

88 Scopus citations

Abstract

An improved method for quantitative measurement of the charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic overpotentials in redox flow batteries using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is presented. The use of a pulse dampener in the hydraulic circuit enables the collection of impedance spectra at low frequencies with a peristaltic pump, allowing the measurement of finite diffusion resistances at operationally relevant flow rates. This method is used to resolve the rate-limiting processes for the V²⁺/V³⁺ redox couple on carbon felt and carbon paper electrodes in the vanadium redox flow battery. Carbon felt was limited by both charge transfer and ohmic resistance, while carbon paper was limited by charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic resistances. The influences of vanadium concentration and flow field design also are quantified.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	261-270
Number of pages	10
Journal	Electrochimica Acta
Volume	229
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.056
State	Published - Mar 1 2017

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. C.-N. Sun for useful discussion of impedance data, C. Ludtka for development of the pulse dampener, and Dr. E.L. Redmond and Y.A. Gandomi for discussion regarding ionic resistance in the liquid electrolyte. Funding for this work was provided by the MABE department at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Additional personnel support for experiments and analysis (RLS) was provided by the Fluid Interface Reactions Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Officer of Science, Office of Basic Sciences.

Keywords

electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
finite diffusion resistance
impedance-resolved polarization
rate constant
redox flow battery

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.056

Cite this

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title = "Elucidating effects of cell architecture, electrode material, and solution composition on overpotentials in redox flow batteries",

abstract = "An improved method for quantitative measurement of the charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic overpotentials in redox flow batteries using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is presented. The use of a pulse dampener in the hydraulic circuit enables the collection of impedance spectra at low frequencies with a peristaltic pump, allowing the measurement of finite diffusion resistances at operationally relevant flow rates. This method is used to resolve the rate-limiting processes for the V2+/V3+ redox couple on carbon felt and carbon paper electrodes in the vanadium redox flow battery. Carbon felt was limited by both charge transfer and ohmic resistance, while carbon paper was limited by charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic resistances. The influences of vanadium concentration and flow field design also are quantified.",

keywords = "electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, finite diffusion resistance, impedance-resolved polarization, rate constant, redox flow battery",

author = "Pezeshki, {Alan M.} and Sacci, {Robert L.} and Delnick, {Frank M.} and Aaron, {Douglas S.} and Mench, {Matthew M.}",

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AU - Pezeshki, Alan M.

AU - Sacci, Robert L.

AU - Delnick, Frank M.

AU - Aaron, Douglas S.

AU - Mench, Matthew M.

PY - 2017/3/1

Y1 - 2017/3/1

N2 - An improved method for quantitative measurement of the charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic overpotentials in redox flow batteries using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is presented. The use of a pulse dampener in the hydraulic circuit enables the collection of impedance spectra at low frequencies with a peristaltic pump, allowing the measurement of finite diffusion resistances at operationally relevant flow rates. This method is used to resolve the rate-limiting processes for the V2+/V3+ redox couple on carbon felt and carbon paper electrodes in the vanadium redox flow battery. Carbon felt was limited by both charge transfer and ohmic resistance, while carbon paper was limited by charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic resistances. The influences of vanadium concentration and flow field design also are quantified.

AB - An improved method for quantitative measurement of the charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic overpotentials in redox flow batteries using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is presented. The use of a pulse dampener in the hydraulic circuit enables the collection of impedance spectra at low frequencies with a peristaltic pump, allowing the measurement of finite diffusion resistances at operationally relevant flow rates. This method is used to resolve the rate-limiting processes for the V2+/V3+ redox couple on carbon felt and carbon paper electrodes in the vanadium redox flow battery. Carbon felt was limited by both charge transfer and ohmic resistance, while carbon paper was limited by charge transfer, finite diffusion, and ohmic resistances. The influences of vanadium concentration and flow field design also are quantified.

KW - electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

KW - finite diffusion resistance

KW - impedance-resolved polarization

KW - rate constant

KW - redox flow battery

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JO - Electrochimica Acta

JF - Electrochimica Acta

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Elucidating effects of cell architecture, electrode material, and solution composition on overpotentials in redox flow batteries

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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