Interdisciplinary research integrating biochemistry, electrochemistry, materials science and unconventional computer science has resulted in the development of electrodes and semiconductor devices functionalized with stimuli-responsive materials. Their coupling to biomolecular information processing systems allows biological control of electronics. Biochemical signals logically processed by cascades of enzyme-biocatalyzed reactions have enabled pre-programmed switching of bioelectronic interfaces. Concentration changes of biomarkers signaling medical dysfunctions have been transduced to amplified electronic signals at switchable bioelectronic interfaces. Multi-signal biosensors and switchable biofuel cells controlled by biochemical signals have thus been realized.
