Abstract
The transition to electric road transport technologies requires electric traction drive systems to offer improved performances and capabilities, such as fuel efficiency (in terms of MPGe, i.e., miles per gallon of gasoline-equivalent), extended range, and fast-charging options. The enhanced electrification and transformed mobility are translating to a demand for higher power and more efficient electric traction drive systems that lead to better fuel economy for a given battery charge. To accelerate the mass-market adoption of electrified transportation, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), in collaboration with the automotive industry, has announced the technical targets for light-duty electric vehicles (EVs) for 2025. This article discusses the electric drive technology trends for passenger electric and hybrid EVs with commercially available solutions in terms of materials, electric machine and inverter designs, maximum speed, component cooling, power density, and performance. The emerging materials and technologies for power electronics and electric motors are presented, identifying the challenges and opportunities for even more aggressive designs to meet the need for next-generation EVs. Some innovative drive and motor designs with the potential to meet the DOE 2025 targets are also discussed.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 9316773 |
Pages (from-to) | 1039-1059 |
Number of pages | 21 |
Journal | Proceedings of the IEEE |
Volume | 109 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 2021 |
Funding
Manuscript received August 18, 2020; revised November 21, 2020; accepted December 9, 2020. Date of publication January 8, 2021; date of current version May 20, 2021. This work was supported in part by UT-Battelle LLC under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and in part by North Carolina State University through the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-EE0008705. (Corresponding author: Iqbal Husain.) Iqbal Husain, Md Sariful Islam, Wensong Yu, and Dhrubo Rahman are with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]). Burak Ozpineci, Emre Gurpinar, Gui-Jia Su, Shajjad Chowdhury, Lincoln Xue, and Raj Sahu are with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, TN 37830 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]).
Funders | Funder number |
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U.S. Department of Energy | DE-EE0008705 |
North Carolina State University | |
UT-Battelle | DE-AC05-00OR22725 |
Keywords
- Drive technology
- electric machines
- electric vehicle (EV)
- heavy rare-earth free machines
- hybrid EV (HEV)
- traction inverter
- wide bandgap (WBG) inverter