Effects of ultramicroelectrode dimensions on the electropolymerization of polypyrrole

Benjamin L. Fletcher; Jared T. Fern; Kevin Rhodes; Timothy E. McKnight; Jason D. Fowlkes; Scott T. Retterer; David J. Keffer; Michael L. Simpson; Mitchel J. Doktycz

doi:10.1063/1.3152633

Effects of ultramicroelectrode dimensions on the electropolymerization of polypyrrole

Benjamin L. Fletcher, Jared T. Fern, Kevin Rhodes, Timothy E. McKnight, Jason D. Fowlkes, Scott T. Retterer, David J. Keffer, Michael L. Simpson, Mitchel J. Doktycz

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Anode geometry can significantly affect the electrochemical synthesis of conductive polymers. Here, the effects of anode dimensions on the electropolymerization of pyrrole are investigated. Band microelectrodes were prepared with widths ranging from 2 to 500 μm. The anode dimension has a significant effect on the resulting thickness of polymer film. The electropolymerization process deviates significantly from that predicted by simple mass transfer considerations when electrode dimensions are less than ∼20 μm. Polymer film thickness is thinner than expected when electrode dimensions become less than ∼10 μm. A simple mathematical model was derived to explain the observed effects of anode dimensions on the polymerization process. Simulation results confirm that diffusive loss of reaction intermediates accounts for the observed experimental trends. The described simulation facilitates understanding of the electropolymerization processes and approaches to the controlled deposition of polypyrrole, particularly at the submicron scale, for microelectromechanical systems and biomedical applications.

Original language	English
Article number	124312
Journal	Journal of Applied Physics
Volume	105
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3152633
State	Published - 2009

Funding

This research was supported by NIH (Grant No. EB000657). A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy. M.L.S. acknowledges the support from the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division Program of the DOE Office of Science. This work was performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.

Funders	Funder number
National Institutes of Health	EB000657
U.S. Department of Energy	DE-AC05-00OR22725
Office of Science
Basic Energy Sciences
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Access to Document

10.1063/1.3152633

Cite this

@article{1627786f03684390861c512eb5981f73,

title = "Effects of ultramicroelectrode dimensions on the electropolymerization of polypyrrole",

abstract = "Anode geometry can significantly affect the electrochemical synthesis of conductive polymers. Here, the effects of anode dimensions on the electropolymerization of pyrrole are investigated. Band microelectrodes were prepared with widths ranging from 2 to 500 μm. The anode dimension has a significant effect on the resulting thickness of polymer film. The electropolymerization process deviates significantly from that predicted by simple mass transfer considerations when electrode dimensions are less than ∼20 μm. Polymer film thickness is thinner than expected when electrode dimensions become less than ∼10 μm. A simple mathematical model was derived to explain the observed effects of anode dimensions on the polymerization process. Simulation results confirm that diffusive loss of reaction intermediates accounts for the observed experimental trends. The described simulation facilitates understanding of the electropolymerization processes and approaches to the controlled deposition of polypyrrole, particularly at the submicron scale, for microelectromechanical systems and biomedical applications.",

author = "Fletcher, {Benjamin L.} and Fern, {Jared T.} and Kevin Rhodes and McKnight, {Timothy E.} and Fowlkes, {Jason D.} and Retterer, {Scott T.} and Keffer, {David J.} and Simpson, {Michael L.} and Doktycz, {Mitchel J.}",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1063/1.3152633",

language = "English",

volume = "105",

journal = "Journal of Applied Physics",

issn = "0021-8979",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics",

number = "12",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of ultramicroelectrode dimensions on the electropolymerization of polypyrrole

AU - Fletcher, Benjamin L.

AU - Fern, Jared T.

AU - Rhodes, Kevin

AU - McKnight, Timothy E.

AU - Fowlkes, Jason D.

AU - Retterer, Scott T.

AU - Keffer, David J.

AU - Simpson, Michael L.

AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J.

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - Anode geometry can significantly affect the electrochemical synthesis of conductive polymers. Here, the effects of anode dimensions on the electropolymerization of pyrrole are investigated. Band microelectrodes were prepared with widths ranging from 2 to 500 μm. The anode dimension has a significant effect on the resulting thickness of polymer film. The electropolymerization process deviates significantly from that predicted by simple mass transfer considerations when electrode dimensions are less than ∼20 μm. Polymer film thickness is thinner than expected when electrode dimensions become less than ∼10 μm. A simple mathematical model was derived to explain the observed effects of anode dimensions on the polymerization process. Simulation results confirm that diffusive loss of reaction intermediates accounts for the observed experimental trends. The described simulation facilitates understanding of the electropolymerization processes and approaches to the controlled deposition of polypyrrole, particularly at the submicron scale, for microelectromechanical systems and biomedical applications.

AB - Anode geometry can significantly affect the electrochemical synthesis of conductive polymers. Here, the effects of anode dimensions on the electropolymerization of pyrrole are investigated. Band microelectrodes were prepared with widths ranging from 2 to 500 μm. The anode dimension has a significant effect on the resulting thickness of polymer film. The electropolymerization process deviates significantly from that predicted by simple mass transfer considerations when electrode dimensions are less than ∼20 μm. Polymer film thickness is thinner than expected when electrode dimensions become less than ∼10 μm. A simple mathematical model was derived to explain the observed effects of anode dimensions on the polymerization process. Simulation results confirm that diffusive loss of reaction intermediates accounts for the observed experimental trends. The described simulation facilitates understanding of the electropolymerization processes and approaches to the controlled deposition of polypyrrole, particularly at the submicron scale, for microelectromechanical systems and biomedical applications.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67650215333&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1063/1.3152633

DO - 10.1063/1.3152633

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:67650215333

SN - 0021-8979

VL - 105

JO - Journal of Applied Physics

JF - Journal of Applied Physics

IS - 12

M1 - 124312

ER -

Effects of ultramicroelectrode dimensions on the electropolymerization of polypyrrole

Abstract

Funding

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this