Abstract
A constitutive model based on continuum damage mechanics is used to study the stone-impact resistance of automotive windshields. An axisymmetric finite element model is created to simulate the transient dynamic response and impact-induced damage tensors for laminated glass layers subject to stone-impact loading. The windshield glass consists of two glass outer layers laminated by a thin poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) layer. The constitutive behaviour of the glass layers is simulated using the continuum damage mechanics model with linear damage evolution. The PVB layer is modelled with a linear viscoelastic solid. The model is used to predict and examine damage patterns on different glass surfaces for different windshield designs including variations in ply thickness and curvatures.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1059-1067 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering |
| Volume | 219 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 2005 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Automotive windshield design
- Glass cracking
- Glass damage
- Hertzian cone crack
- Impact resistance
- Star-shaped crack
- Stone impact
- Web-shaped crack