Effect of plasma shaping on performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

D. A. Gates; R. Maingi; J. Menard; S. Kaye; S. A. Sabbagh; G. Taylor; J. R. Wilson; M. G. Bell; R. E. Bell; S. Bernabei; J. Bialek; T. Biewer; W. Blanchard; J. Boedo; C. Bush; M. D. Carter; W. Choe; N. Crocker; D. S. Darrow; W. Davis; L. Delgado-Aparicio; S. Diem; J. Ferron; A. Field; J. Foley; E. D. Fredrickson; R. Harvey; R. E. Hatcher; W. Heidbrink; K. Hill; J. C. Hosea; T. R. Jarboe; D. W. Johnson; R. Kaita; C. Kessel; S. Kubota; H. W. Kugel; J. Lawson; B. P. LeBlanc; K. C. Lee; F. Levinton; J. Manickam; R. Maqueda; R. Marsala; D. Mastrovito; T. K. Mau; S. S. Medley; H. Meyer; D. R. Mikkelsen; D. Mueller; T. Munsat; B. A. Nelson; C. Neumeyer; N. Nishino; M. Ono; H. Park; W. Park; S. Paul; W. Peebles; M. Peng; C. Phillips; A. Pigarov; R. Pinsker; A. Ram; S. Ramakrishnan; R. Raman; D. Rasmussen; M. Redi; M. Rensink; G. Rewoldt; J. Robinson; P. Roney; L. Roquemore; E. Ruskov; P. Ryan; H. Schneider; C. H. Skinner; D. R. Smith; A. Sontag; V. Soukhanovskii; T. Stevenson; D. Stotler; B. Stratton; D. Stutman; D. Swain; E. Synakowski; Y. Takase; K. Tritz; A. von Halle; M. Wade; R. White; J. Wilgen; M. Williams; W. Zhu; S. J. Zweben; R. Akers; P. Beiersdorfer; R. Betti; T. Bigelow

doi:10.1063/1.2198174

Effect of plasma shaping on performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

D. A. Gates, R. Maingi, J. Menard, S. Kaye, S. A. Sabbagh, G. Taylor, J. R. Wilson, M. G. Bell, R. E. Bell, S. Bernabei, J. Bialek, T. Biewer, W. Blanchard, J. Boedo, C. Bush, M. D. Carter, W. Choe, N. Crocker, D. S. Darrow, W. DavisL. Delgado-Aparicio, S. Diem, J. Ferron, A. Field, J. Foley, E. D. Fredrickson, R. Harvey, R. E. Hatcher, W. Heidbrink, K. Hill, J. C. Hosea, T. R. Jarboe, D. W. Johnson, R. Kaita, C. Kessel, S. Kubota, H. W. Kugel, J. Lawson, B. P. LeBlanc, K. C. Lee, F. Levinton, J. Manickam, R. Maqueda, R. Marsala, D. Mastrovito, T. K. Mau, S. S. Medley, H. Meyer, D. R. Mikkelsen, D. Mueller, T. Munsat, B. A. Nelson, C. Neumeyer, N. Nishino, M. Ono, H. Park, W. Park, S. Paul, W. Peebles, M. Peng, C. Phillips, A. Pigarov, R. Pinsker, A. Ram, S. Ramakrishnan, R. Raman, D. Rasmussen, M. Redi, M. Rensink, G. Rewoldt, J. Robinson, P. Roney, L. Roquemore, E. Ruskov, P. Ryan, H. Schneider, C. H. Skinner, D. R. Smith, A. Sontag, V. Soukhanovskii, T. Stevenson, D. Stotler, B. Stratton, D. Stutman, D. Swain, E. Synakowski, Y. Takase, K. Tritz, A. von Halle, M. Wade, R. White, J. Wilgen, M. Williams, W. Zhu, S. J. Zweben, R. Akers, P. Beiersdorfer, R. Betti, T. Bigelow

Fusion and Fission Energy and Science Di

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

38 Scopus citations

Abstract

The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has explored the effects of shaping on plasma performance as determined by many diverse topics including the stability of global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes (e.g., ideal external kinks and resistive wall modes), edge localized modes (ELMs), bootstrap current drive, divertor flux expansion, and heat transport. Improved shaping capability has been crucial to achieving Βt ∼40%. Precise plasma shape control has been achieved on NSTX using real-time equilibrium reconstruction. NSTX has simultaneously achieved elongation κ∼2.8 and triangularity δ∼0.8. Ideal MHD theory predicts increased stability at high values of shaping factor S≡ q95 Ip (a Bt), which has been observed at large values of the S∼37 [MA (m·T)] on NSTX. The behavior of ELMs is observed to depend on plasma shape. A description of the ELM regimes attained as shape is varied will be presented. Increased shaping is predicted to increase the bootstrap fraction at fixed Ip. The achievement of strong shaping has enabled operation with 1 s pulses with Ip =1 MA, and for 1.6 s for Ip =700 kA. Analysis of the noninductive current fraction as well as empirical analysis of the achievable plasma pulse length as elongation is varied will be presented. Data are presented showing a reduction in peak divertor heat load due to increasing in flux expansion.

Original language	English
Article number	056122
Journal	Physics of Plasmas
Volume	13
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2198174
State	Published - May 2006

Funding

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant under contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03073.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council	EP/E034438/1
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1063/1.2198174

Cite this

Gates, D. A., Maingi, R., Menard, J., Kaye, S., Sabbagh, S. A., Taylor, G., Wilson, J. R., Bell, M. G., Bell, R. E., Bernabei, S., Bialek, J., Biewer, T., Blanchard, W., Boedo, J., Bush, C., Carter, M. D., Choe, W., Crocker, N., Darrow, D. S., ... Bigelow, T. (2006). Effect of plasma shaping on performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment. Physics of Plasmas, 13(5), Article 056122. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2198174

@article{d4a43db9852b4a8f8522754f1e2aa3dd,

title = "Effect of plasma shaping on performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment",

abstract = "The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has explored the effects of shaping on plasma performance as determined by many diverse topics including the stability of global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes (e.g., ideal external kinks and resistive wall modes), edge localized modes (ELMs), bootstrap current drive, divertor flux expansion, and heat transport. Improved shaping capability has been crucial to achieving Βt ∼40%. Precise plasma shape control has been achieved on NSTX using real-time equilibrium reconstruction. NSTX has simultaneously achieved elongation κ∼2.8 and triangularity δ∼0.8. Ideal MHD theory predicts increased stability at high values of shaping factor S≡ q95 Ip (a Bt), which has been observed at large values of the S∼37 [MA (m·T)] on NSTX. The behavior of ELMs is observed to depend on plasma shape. A description of the ELM regimes attained as shape is varied will be presented. Increased shaping is predicted to increase the bootstrap fraction at fixed Ip. The achievement of strong shaping has enabled operation with 1 s pulses with Ip =1 MA, and for 1.6 s for Ip =700 kA. Analysis of the noninductive current fraction as well as empirical analysis of the achievable plasma pulse length as elongation is varied will be presented. Data are presented showing a reduction in peak divertor heat load due to increasing in flux expansion.",

author = "Gates, {D. A.} and R. Maingi and J. Menard and S. Kaye and Sabbagh, {S. A.} and G. Taylor and Wilson, {J. R.} and Bell, {M. G.} and Bell, {R. E.} and S. Bernabei and J. Bialek and T. Biewer and W. Blanchard and J. Boedo and C. Bush and Carter, {M. D.} and W. Choe and N. Crocker and Darrow, {D. S.} and W. Davis and L. Delgado-Aparicio and S. Diem and J. Ferron and A. Field and J. Foley and Fredrickson, {E. D.} and R. Harvey and Hatcher, {R. E.} and W. Heidbrink and K. Hill and Hosea, {J. C.} and Jarboe, {T. R.} and Johnson, {D. W.} and R. Kaita and C. Kessel and S. Kubota and Kugel, {H. W.} and J. Lawson and LeBlanc, {B. P.} and Lee, {K. C.} and F. Levinton and J. Manickam and R. Maqueda and R. Marsala and D. Mastrovito and Mau, {T. K.} and Medley, {S. S.} and H. Meyer and Mikkelsen, {D. R.} and D. Mueller and T. Munsat and Nelson, {B. A.} and C. Neumeyer and N. Nishino and M. Ono and H. Park and W. Park and S. Paul and W. Peebles and M. Peng and C. Phillips and A. Pigarov and R. Pinsker and A. Ram and S. Ramakrishnan and R. Raman and D. Rasmussen and M. Redi and M. Rensink and G. Rewoldt and J. Robinson and P. Roney and L. Roquemore and E. Ruskov and P. Ryan and H. Schneider and Skinner, {C. H.} and Smith, {D. R.} and A. Sontag and V. Soukhanovskii and T. Stevenson and D. Stotler and B. Stratton and D. Stutman and D. Swain and E. Synakowski and Y. Takase and K. Tritz and {von Halle}, A. and M. Wade and R. White and J. Wilgen and M. Williams and W. Zhu and Zweben, {S. J.} and R. Akers and P. Beiersdorfer and R. Betti and T. Bigelow",

year = "2006",

month = may,

doi = "10.1063/1.2198174",

language = "English",

volume = "13",

journal = "Physics of Plasmas",

issn = "1070-664X",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics",

number = "5",

}

Gates, DA, Maingi, R, Menard, J, Kaye, S, Sabbagh, SA, Taylor, G, Wilson, JR, Bell, MG, Bell, RE, Bernabei, S, Bialek, J, Biewer, T, Blanchard, W, Boedo, J, Bush, C, Carter, MD, Choe, W, Crocker, N, Darrow, DS, Davis, W, Delgado-Aparicio, L, Diem, S, Ferron, J, Field, A, Foley, J, Fredrickson, ED, Harvey, R, Hatcher, RE, Heidbrink, W, Hill, K, Hosea, JC, Jarboe, TR, Johnson, DW, Kaita, R, Kessel, C, Kubota, S, Kugel, HW, Lawson, J, LeBlanc, BP, Lee, KC, Levinton, F, Manickam, J, Maqueda, R, Marsala, R, Mastrovito, D, Mau, TK, Medley, SS, Meyer, H, Mikkelsen, DR, Mueller, D, Munsat, T, Nelson, BA, Neumeyer, C, Nishino, N, Ono, M, Park, H, Park, W, Paul, S, Peebles, W, Peng, M, Phillips, C, Pigarov, A, Pinsker, R, Ram, A, Ramakrishnan, S, Raman, R, Rasmussen, D, Redi, M, Rensink, M, Rewoldt, G, Robinson, J, Roney, P, Roquemore, L, Ruskov, E, Ryan, P, Schneider, H, Skinner, CH, Smith, DR, Sontag, A, Soukhanovskii, V, Stevenson, T, Stotler, D, Stratton, B, Stutman, D, Swain, D, Synakowski, E, Takase, Y, Tritz, K, von Halle, A, Wade, M, White, R, Wilgen, J, Williams, M, Zhu, W, Zweben, SJ, Akers, R, Beiersdorfer, P, Betti, R & Bigelow, T 2006, 'Effect of plasma shaping on performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment', Physics of Plasmas, vol. 13, no. 5, 056122. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2198174

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of plasma shaping on performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

AU - Gates, D. A.

AU - Maingi, R.

AU - Menard, J.

AU - Kaye, S.

AU - Sabbagh, S. A.

AU - Taylor, G.

AU - Wilson, J. R.

AU - Bell, M. G.

AU - Bell, R. E.

AU - Bernabei, S.

AU - Bialek, J.

AU - Biewer, T.

AU - Blanchard, W.

AU - Boedo, J.

AU - Bush, C.

AU - Carter, M. D.

AU - Choe, W.

AU - Crocker, N.

AU - Darrow, D. S.

AU - Davis, W.

AU - Delgado-Aparicio, L.

AU - Diem, S.

AU - Ferron, J.

AU - Field, A.

AU - Foley, J.

AU - Fredrickson, E. D.

AU - Harvey, R.

AU - Hatcher, R. E.

AU - Heidbrink, W.

AU - Hill, K.

AU - Hosea, J. C.

AU - Jarboe, T. R.

AU - Johnson, D. W.

AU - Kaita, R.

AU - Kessel, C.

AU - Kubota, S.

AU - Kugel, H. W.

AU - Lawson, J.

AU - LeBlanc, B. P.

AU - Lee, K. C.

AU - Levinton, F.

AU - Manickam, J.

AU - Maqueda, R.

AU - Marsala, R.

AU - Mastrovito, D.

AU - Mau, T. K.

AU - Medley, S. S.

AU - Meyer, H.

AU - Mikkelsen, D. R.

AU - Mueller, D.

AU - Munsat, T.

AU - Nelson, B. A.

AU - Neumeyer, C.

AU - Nishino, N.

AU - Ono, M.

AU - Park, H.

AU - Park, W.

AU - Paul, S.

AU - Peebles, W.

AU - Peng, M.

AU - Phillips, C.

AU - Pigarov, A.

AU - Pinsker, R.

AU - Ram, A.

AU - Ramakrishnan, S.

AU - Raman, R.

AU - Rasmussen, D.

AU - Redi, M.

AU - Rensink, M.

AU - Rewoldt, G.

AU - Robinson, J.

AU - Roney, P.

AU - Roquemore, L.

AU - Ruskov, E.

AU - Ryan, P.

AU - Schneider, H.

AU - Skinner, C. H.

AU - Smith, D. R.

AU - Sontag, A.

AU - Soukhanovskii, V.

AU - Stevenson, T.

AU - Stotler, D.

AU - Stratton, B.

AU - Stutman, D.

AU - Swain, D.

AU - Synakowski, E.

AU - Takase, Y.

AU - Tritz, K.

AU - von Halle, A.

AU - Wade, M.

AU - White, R.

AU - Wilgen, J.

AU - Williams, M.

AU - Zhu, W.

AU - Zweben, S. J.

AU - Akers, R.

AU - Beiersdorfer, P.

AU - Betti, R.

AU - Bigelow, T.

PY - 2006/5

Y1 - 2006/5

N2 - The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has explored the effects of shaping on plasma performance as determined by many diverse topics including the stability of global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes (e.g., ideal external kinks and resistive wall modes), edge localized modes (ELMs), bootstrap current drive, divertor flux expansion, and heat transport. Improved shaping capability has been crucial to achieving Βt ∼40%. Precise plasma shape control has been achieved on NSTX using real-time equilibrium reconstruction. NSTX has simultaneously achieved elongation κ∼2.8 and triangularity δ∼0.8. Ideal MHD theory predicts increased stability at high values of shaping factor S≡ q95 Ip (a Bt), which has been observed at large values of the S∼37 [MA (m·T)] on NSTX. The behavior of ELMs is observed to depend on plasma shape. A description of the ELM regimes attained as shape is varied will be presented. Increased shaping is predicted to increase the bootstrap fraction at fixed Ip. The achievement of strong shaping has enabled operation with 1 s pulses with Ip =1 MA, and for 1.6 s for Ip =700 kA. Analysis of the noninductive current fraction as well as empirical analysis of the achievable plasma pulse length as elongation is varied will be presented. Data are presented showing a reduction in peak divertor heat load due to increasing in flux expansion.

AB - The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has explored the effects of shaping on plasma performance as determined by many diverse topics including the stability of global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes (e.g., ideal external kinks and resistive wall modes), edge localized modes (ELMs), bootstrap current drive, divertor flux expansion, and heat transport. Improved shaping capability has been crucial to achieving Βt ∼40%. Precise plasma shape control has been achieved on NSTX using real-time equilibrium reconstruction. NSTX has simultaneously achieved elongation κ∼2.8 and triangularity δ∼0.8. Ideal MHD theory predicts increased stability at high values of shaping factor S≡ q95 Ip (a Bt), which has been observed at large values of the S∼37 [MA (m·T)] on NSTX. The behavior of ELMs is observed to depend on plasma shape. A description of the ELM regimes attained as shape is varied will be presented. Increased shaping is predicted to increase the bootstrap fraction at fixed Ip. The achievement of strong shaping has enabled operation with 1 s pulses with Ip =1 MA, and for 1.6 s for Ip =700 kA. Analysis of the noninductive current fraction as well as empirical analysis of the achievable plasma pulse length as elongation is varied will be presented. Data are presented showing a reduction in peak divertor heat load due to increasing in flux expansion.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33744795766&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1063/1.2198174

DO - 10.1063/1.2198174

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:33744795766

SN - 1070-664X

VL - 13

JO - Physics of Plasmas

JF - Physics of Plasmas

IS - 5

M1 - 056122

ER -

Effect of plasma shaping on performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this