Edge transport and turbulence reduction with lithium coated plasma facing components in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

J. M. Canik; R. Maingi; S. Kubota; Y. Ren; R. E. Bell; J. D. Callen; W. Guttenfelder; H. W. Kugel; B. P. Leblanc; T. H. Osborne; V. A. Soukhanovskii

doi:10.1063/1.3592519

Edge transport and turbulence reduction with lithium coated plasma facing components in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

J. M. Canik, R. Maingi, S. Kubota, Y. Ren, R. E. Bell, J. D. Callen, W. Guttenfelder, H. W. Kugel, B. P. Leblanc, T. H. Osborne, V. A. Soukhanovskii

Fusion Energy Division

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Abstract

The coating of plasma facing components (PFCs) with lithium improves energy confinement and eliminates ELMs in the National Spherical Torus Experiment, the latter due to a relaxation of the density and pressure profiles that reduces the drive for peeling-ballooning modes. 2-D interpretive transport modeling of discharges without and with lithium shows that a reduction in the PFC recycling coefficient from R ∼ 0.98 to R ∼ 0.90 is required to match the drop in D emission with lithium coatings. A broadening of the edge barrier region showing reduced transport coefficients is observed, with a ∼75 drop of the D and X_e from 0.8 < ψ_N < 0.93 needed to match the profile relaxation with lithium coatings. Turbulence measurements using an edge reflectometry system as well as high-k microwave scattering show a decrease in density fluctuations with lithium coatings. These transport changes allow the realization of very wide pedestals, with a ∼100 width increase relative to the reference discharges.

Original language	English
Article number	056118
Journal	Physics of Plasmas
Volume	18
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3592519
State	Published - May 2011

Funding

This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Contracts DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-99ER54527, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-92ER54139 DE-FC02-04ER54698, and DE-AC52-07NA27344.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy	DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-92ER54139 DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FG02-99ER54527

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Canik, J. M., Maingi, R., Kubota, S., Ren, Y., Bell, R. E., Callen, J. D., Guttenfelder, W., Kugel, H. W., Leblanc, B. P., Osborne, T. H., & Soukhanovskii, V. A. (2011). Edge transport and turbulence reduction with lithium coated plasma facing components in the National Spherical Torus Experiment. Physics of Plasmas, 18(5), Article 056118. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3592519

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abstract = "The coating of plasma facing components (PFCs) with lithium improves energy confinement and eliminates ELMs in the National Spherical Torus Experiment, the latter due to a relaxation of the density and pressure profiles that reduces the drive for peeling-ballooning modes. 2-D interpretive transport modeling of discharges without and with lithium shows that a reduction in the PFC recycling coefficient from R ∼ 0.98 to R ∼ 0.90 is required to match the drop in D emission with lithium coatings. A broadening of the edge barrier region showing reduced transport coefficients is observed, with a ∼75 drop of the D and Xe from 0.8 < ψN < 0.93 needed to match the profile relaxation with lithium coatings. Turbulence measurements using an edge reflectometry system as well as high-k microwave scattering show a decrease in density fluctuations with lithium coatings. These transport changes allow the realization of very wide pedestals, with a ∼100 width increase relative to the reference discharges.",

author = "Canik, {J. M.} and R. Maingi and S. Kubota and Y. Ren and Bell, {R. E.} and Callen, {J. D.} and W. Guttenfelder and Kugel, {H. W.} and Leblanc, {B. P.} and Osborne, {T. H.} and Soukhanovskii, {V. A.}",

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AU - Kubota, S.

AU - Ren, Y.

AU - Bell, R. E.

AU - Callen, J. D.

AU - Guttenfelder, W.

AU - Kugel, H. W.

AU - Leblanc, B. P.

AU - Osborne, T. H.

AU - Soukhanovskii, V. A.

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AB - The coating of plasma facing components (PFCs) with lithium improves energy confinement and eliminates ELMs in the National Spherical Torus Experiment, the latter due to a relaxation of the density and pressure profiles that reduces the drive for peeling-ballooning modes. 2-D interpretive transport modeling of discharges without and with lithium shows that a reduction in the PFC recycling coefficient from R ∼ 0.98 to R ∼ 0.90 is required to match the drop in D emission with lithium coatings. A broadening of the edge barrier region showing reduced transport coefficients is observed, with a ∼75 drop of the D and Xe from 0.8 < ψN < 0.93 needed to match the profile relaxation with lithium coatings. Turbulence measurements using an edge reflectometry system as well as high-k microwave scattering show a decrease in density fluctuations with lithium coatings. These transport changes allow the realization of very wide pedestals, with a ∼100 width increase relative to the reference discharges.

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Edge transport and turbulence reduction with lithium coated plasma facing components in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

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