Abstract
In this paper a power conversion and energy consumption model for an exascale supercomputer is investigated. Power consumption, energy loss and efficiency are derived for the 27.2 MW liquid-cooled, centralized, High Performance Computing (HPC) power system, which is supplied directly from the 480 V three-phase mains. Two energy conversion stages are analyzed, measured and modeled. The model is developed in order to be adapted and implemented in a digital twin platform utilizing a Resource Allocator and Power Simulator (RAPS) module. RAPS enables estimation of potential energy savings in the direct AC power supply architecture via both conventional rectifier load sharing (commonly used in HPC systems), as well as smart rectifier load sharing. Moreover, besides the direct AC supply architecture analysis, the full direct DC supply architecture with with 1 kV DC bus were also studied. Comparison of 10 hour time frame operation of the system, with direct 480 V AC voltage supply with conventional and smart load sharing and medium dc voltage supply were done. For the direct AC supply architecture, with conventional and smart load sharing the predicted power loss was approximately 840 kW and 820 kW, respectively and the predicted total system efficiency was 92.87% and 93.05%, respectively. For the direct DC supply architecture with the 1000 V DC supply bus power loss was approximately 340 kW and the predicted total system efficiency was 97.02%.
| Original language | English |
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| Title of host publication | 2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024 - Proceedings |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. |
| Pages | 1595-1601 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9798350376067 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2024 |
| Event | 2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024 - Phoenix, United States Duration: Oct 20 2024 → Oct 24 2024 |
Publication series
| Name | 2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024 - Proceedings |
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Conference
| Conference | 2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024 |
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| Country/Territory | United States |
| City | Phoenix |
| Period | 10/20/24 → 10/24/24 |
Funding
This research was sponsored by and used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF), which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (https://www.energy.gov/doepublic-access-plan).