Dynamic behavior of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite twin domains

Yongtao Liu; Liam Collins; Alex Belianinov; Sabine M. Neumayer; Anton V. Ievlev; Mahshid Ahmadi; Kai Xiao; Scott T. Retterer; Stephen Jesse; Sergei V. Kalinin; Bin Hu; Olga S. Ovchinnikova

doi:10.1063/1.5041256

Dynamic behavior of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite twin domains

Yongtao Liu, Liam Collins, Alex Belianinov, Sabine M. Neumayer, Anton V. Ievlev, Mahshid Ahmadi, Kai Xiao, Scott T. Retterer, Stephen Jesse, Sergei V. Kalinin, Bin Hu, Olga S. Ovchinnikova

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

The recent discovery of twin domains in MAPbI₃ perovskites has initiated contentious discussion on the ferroic nature of hybrid perovskites. Ferroelectric polarization is thought to facilitate the dissociation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, helping to explain the extraordinary photovoltaic performance exhibited by this class of materials. Alternate to ferroelectricity, which has yet to be unambiguously established despite considerable efforts to do so, ferroelasticity was also proposed in these materials. Meanwhile, given the coupling of ionic states and ferroelectricity and the interconnected nature of defect chemistry and ferroelasticity, the electrochemical reactivity can no longer be ignored. In this work, using band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy, we reveal the variation in elasticity between adjacent domains, indicating the ferroelasticity and the difference in the crystallographic states of the twin domain. Moreover, using band excitation contact Kelvin probe force microscopy, we dynamically map the evolution of the twinning structure under electric bias. These results help decipher the effect of the twin domains on ionic mobility and ion diffusion pathways. Combining these results, we reveal the interaction of twin domains and ionic activity in this material. Overall, this work provides insights into the twinning structure in MAPbI₃ and its potential effects on the hybrid perovskite optoelectronics.

Original language	English
Article number	072102
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	113
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5041256
State	Published - Aug 13 2018

Funding

This research was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (YL, AVI, and OSO). This research was partially sponsored from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under the Grant No. FA 9550-15-1-0064, AOARD (No. FA2386-15-1-4104), and the National Science Foundation CBET-1438181 (MA and BH). This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC0500OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan).

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	CBET-1438181
Air Force Office of Scientific Research	FA2386-15-1-4104
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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Cite this

@article{a71960bfebd44b0480b6c45d7150f6d2,

title = "Dynamic behavior of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite twin domains",

abstract = "The recent discovery of twin domains in MAPbI3 perovskites has initiated contentious discussion on the ferroic nature of hybrid perovskites. Ferroelectric polarization is thought to facilitate the dissociation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, helping to explain the extraordinary photovoltaic performance exhibited by this class of materials. Alternate to ferroelectricity, which has yet to be unambiguously established despite considerable efforts to do so, ferroelasticity was also proposed in these materials. Meanwhile, given the coupling of ionic states and ferroelectricity and the interconnected nature of defect chemistry and ferroelasticity, the electrochemical reactivity can no longer be ignored. In this work, using band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy, we reveal the variation in elasticity between adjacent domains, indicating the ferroelasticity and the difference in the crystallographic states of the twin domain. Moreover, using band excitation contact Kelvin probe force microscopy, we dynamically map the evolution of the twinning structure under electric bias. These results help decipher the effect of the twin domains on ionic mobility and ion diffusion pathways. Combining these results, we reveal the interaction of twin domains and ionic activity in this material. Overall, this work provides insights into the twinning structure in MAPbI3 and its potential effects on the hybrid perovskite optoelectronics.",

author = "Yongtao Liu and Liam Collins and Alex Belianinov and Neumayer, {Sabine M.} and Ievlev, {Anton V.} and Mahshid Ahmadi and Kai Xiao and Retterer, {Scott T.} and Stephen Jesse and Kalinin, {Sergei V.} and Bin Hu and Ovchinnikova, {Olga S.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Author(s).",

year = "2018",

month = aug,

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doi = "10.1063/1.5041256",

language = "English",

volume = "113",

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AU - Liu, Yongtao

AU - Collins, Liam

AU - Belianinov, Alex

AU - Neumayer, Sabine M.

AU - Ievlev, Anton V.

AU - Ahmadi, Mahshid

AU - Xiao, Kai

AU - Retterer, Scott T.

AU - Jesse, Stephen

AU - Kalinin, Sergei V.

AU - Hu, Bin

AU - Ovchinnikova, Olga S.

PY - 2018/8/13

Y1 - 2018/8/13

N2 - The recent discovery of twin domains in MAPbI3 perovskites has initiated contentious discussion on the ferroic nature of hybrid perovskites. Ferroelectric polarization is thought to facilitate the dissociation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, helping to explain the extraordinary photovoltaic performance exhibited by this class of materials. Alternate to ferroelectricity, which has yet to be unambiguously established despite considerable efforts to do so, ferroelasticity was also proposed in these materials. Meanwhile, given the coupling of ionic states and ferroelectricity and the interconnected nature of defect chemistry and ferroelasticity, the electrochemical reactivity can no longer be ignored. In this work, using band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy, we reveal the variation in elasticity between adjacent domains, indicating the ferroelasticity and the difference in the crystallographic states of the twin domain. Moreover, using band excitation contact Kelvin probe force microscopy, we dynamically map the evolution of the twinning structure under electric bias. These results help decipher the effect of the twin domains on ionic mobility and ion diffusion pathways. Combining these results, we reveal the interaction of twin domains and ionic activity in this material. Overall, this work provides insights into the twinning structure in MAPbI3 and its potential effects on the hybrid perovskite optoelectronics.

AB - The recent discovery of twin domains in MAPbI3 perovskites has initiated contentious discussion on the ferroic nature of hybrid perovskites. Ferroelectric polarization is thought to facilitate the dissociation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, helping to explain the extraordinary photovoltaic performance exhibited by this class of materials. Alternate to ferroelectricity, which has yet to be unambiguously established despite considerable efforts to do so, ferroelasticity was also proposed in these materials. Meanwhile, given the coupling of ionic states and ferroelectricity and the interconnected nature of defect chemistry and ferroelasticity, the electrochemical reactivity can no longer be ignored. In this work, using band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy, we reveal the variation in elasticity between adjacent domains, indicating the ferroelasticity and the difference in the crystallographic states of the twin domain. Moreover, using band excitation contact Kelvin probe force microscopy, we dynamically map the evolution of the twinning structure under electric bias. These results help decipher the effect of the twin domains on ionic mobility and ion diffusion pathways. Combining these results, we reveal the interaction of twin domains and ionic activity in this material. Overall, this work provides insights into the twinning structure in MAPbI3 and its potential effects on the hybrid perovskite optoelectronics.

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