TY - GEN
T1 - Distributed Control of Aggregated Smart Buildings for Frequency Regulation
AU - Zheng, Liran
AU - An, Zheng
AU - Xia, Qianxue
AU - Kandula, Rajendra Prasad
AU - Saeedifard, Maryam
AU - Divan, Deepak
AU - Grijalva, Santiago
AU - Abdallah, Chaouki T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 IEEE.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Increased penetration level of renewable energy and its intermittency make the power grid more prone to frequency fluctuation. Demand response of the aggregated smart buildings can provide ancillary secondary frequency regulation. Distributed control methods for the aggregated buildings are attractive due to plug-and-play scalability, high reliability, no single point of failure, and lower communication requirements, compared to the conventional centralized control. This paper identifies three major control objectives for this distributed control problem including balancing the state-of-energy of the buildings, tracking frequency regulation signal, and eliminating circulating power. The control problem is challenging as these control objectives need to be achieved simultaneously in a distributed fashion. This paper proposes a new distributed control method to achieve the three objectives at the same time. The plug-and-play scalability and the robustness to communication-link failure of the proposed control are verified through simulations. Moreover, using data from California Independent System Operator (CAISO), a three-area power system is simulated with heterogeneous building parameters to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method, which achieves the three control objectives and reduces the frequency deviation by more than 30% with the aggregated buildings.
AB - Increased penetration level of renewable energy and its intermittency make the power grid more prone to frequency fluctuation. Demand response of the aggregated smart buildings can provide ancillary secondary frequency regulation. Distributed control methods for the aggregated buildings are attractive due to plug-and-play scalability, high reliability, no single point of failure, and lower communication requirements, compared to the conventional centralized control. This paper identifies three major control objectives for this distributed control problem including balancing the state-of-energy of the buildings, tracking frequency regulation signal, and eliminating circulating power. The control problem is challenging as these control objectives need to be achieved simultaneously in a distributed fashion. This paper proposes a new distributed control method to achieve the three objectives at the same time. The plug-and-play scalability and the robustness to communication-link failure of the proposed control are verified through simulations. Moreover, using data from California Independent System Operator (CAISO), a three-area power system is simulated with heterogeneous building parameters to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method, which achieves the three control objectives and reduces the frequency deviation by more than 30% with the aggregated buildings.
KW - Dynamic average consensus
KW - Energy storage
KW - Power system frequency regulation
KW - Smart buildings
KW - Smart grid
KW - Thermal inertia
KW - Thermostatically controlled load (TCL)
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85124696801
U2 - 10.1109/IAS48185.2021.9677348
DO - 10.1109/IAS48185.2021.9677348
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85124696801
T3 - Conference Record - IAS Annual Meeting (IEEE Industry Applications Society)
BT - 2021 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, IAS 2021
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 2021 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, IAS 2021
Y2 - 10 October 2021 through 14 October 2021
ER -