Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

59 Scopus citations

Abstract

We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89)×10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7)×10-25, 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.

Original language	English
Article number	062001
Journal	Physical Review D
Volume	100
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001
State	Published - Sep 4 2019
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) for the construction and operation of the LIGO Laboratory and Advanced LIGO as well as the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Department of Science and Technology, India, the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, the Vicepresidència i Conselleria d’Innovació, Recerca i Turisme and the Conselleria d’Educació i Universitat del Govern de les Illes Balears, the Conselleria d’Educació, Investigació, Cultura i Esport de la Generalitat Valenciana, the National Science Centre of Poland, the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation, the European Commission, the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Paris Île-de-France Region, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary (NKFIH), the National Research Foundation of Korea, Industry Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations, and Communications, the International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTP-SAIFR), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, MPS, INFN, CNRS and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for provision of computational resources.

Funders	Funder number
Not added	ST/N005422/1, ST/N00003X/1, ST/J000019/1, ST/N005406/2, ST/I006269/1, ST/K000845/1, ST/N000633/1, ST/N000072/1, ST/H002006/1, ST/N005430/1
National Science Foundation	1707965, 1708081, 1708006, 1921006, 1806824, 1912632, 1707835, 1726215, 1806990, 1912648
National Science Foundation
Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Kavli Foundation
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation
Science and Technology Facilities Council	ST/J00166X/1
Science and Technology Facilities Council
Leverhulme Trust
Royal Society
Scottish Funding Council
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
European Commission
Australian Research Council
Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Science and Engineering Research Board
Russian Foundation for Basic Research
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Generalitat Valenciana
Hungarian Scientific Research Fund
National Research Foundation of Korea
Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Narodowe Centrum Nauki
Ministry of Human Resource Development
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Russian Science Foundation
European Regional Development Fund
Universitat de les Illes Balears
Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research

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10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

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@article{d47e6f0f5ea2488cb0ec71a71692835f,

title = "Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs",

abstract = "We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89)×10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7)×10-25, 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.",

author = "{(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)} and Abbott, {B. P.} and R. Abbott and Abbott, {T. D.} and S. Abraham and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and C. Adams and Adhikari, {R. X.} and Adya, {V. B.} and C. Affeldt and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and Aguiar, {O. D.} and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and G. Allen and A. Allocca and Aloy, {M. A.} and Altin, {P. A.} and A. Amato and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, {S. B.} and Anderson, {W. G.} and Angelova, {S. V.} and S. Antier and S. Appert and K. Arai and Araya, {M. C.} and Areeda, {J. S.} and M. Ar{\`e}ne and N. Arnaud and S. Ascenzi and G. Ashton and Aston, {S. M.} and P. Astone and F. Aubin and P. Aufmuth and K. Aultoneal and C. Austin and V. Avendano and A. Avila-Alvarez and S. Babak and P. Bacon and F. Badaracco and Bader, {M. K.M.} and S. Bae and Baker, {P. T.} and M. Fitz-Axen",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 us. {\textcopyright} 2019 American Physical Society. American Physical Society.",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001",

language = "English",

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T1 - Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

AU - (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)

AU - Abbott, B. P.

AU - Abbott, R.

AU - Abbott, T. D.

AU - Abraham, S.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adams, C.

AU - Adhikari, R. X.

AU - Adya, V. B.

AU - Affeldt, C.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Agatsuma, K.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aguiar, O. D.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Allen, G.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Aloy, M. A.

AU - Altin, P. A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S. B.

AU - Anderson, W. G.

AU - Angelova, S. V.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Arai, K.

AU - Araya, M. C.

AU - Areeda, J. S.

AU - Arène, M.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Ascenzi, S.

AU - Ashton, G.

AU - Aston, S. M.

AU - Astone, P.

AU - Aubin, F.

AU - Aufmuth, P.

AU - Aultoneal, K.

AU - Austin, C.

AU - Avendano, V.

AU - Avila-Alvarez, A.

AU - Babak, S.

AU - Bacon, P.

AU - Badaracco, F.

AU - Bader, M. K.M.

AU - Bae, S.

AU - Baker, P. T.

AU - Fitz-Axen, M.

PY - 2019/9/4

Y1 - 2019/9/4

N2 - We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89)×10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7)×10-25, 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.

AB - We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89)×10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7)×10-25, 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.

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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85073009115

SN - 2470-0010

VL - 100

JO - Physical Review D

JF - Physical Review D

IS - 6

M1 - 062001

ER -

Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

Abstract

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