Direct transition resonance in atomically uniform topological Sb(111) thin films

Guang Bian; Caizhi Xu; Tay Rong Chang; Xiaoxiong Wang; Saavanth Velury; Jie Ren; Hao Zheng; Horng Tay Jeng; T. Miller; M. Zahid Hasan; T. C. Chiang

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.92.241401

Direct transition resonance in atomically uniform topological Sb(111) thin films

Guang Bian, Caizhi Xu, Tay Rong Chang, Xiaoxiong Wang, Saavanth Velury, Jie Ren, Hao Zheng, Horng Tay Jeng, T. Miller, M. Zahid Hasan, T. C. Chiang

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3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Atomically uniform Sb(111) films are fabricated by the method of molecular beam epitaxy on an optimized Si(111) surface. Two-dimensional quantum well states and topological surface states in these films are well resolved as measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We observe an evolution of direct transition resonances by varying the excitation photon energy (and thus the perpendicular crystal momentum). The experimental results are reproduced in a comprehensive model calculation taking into account first-principles calculated initial states and time-reversed low-energy-electron-diffraction final states in the photoexcitation process. The resonant behavior illustrates that the topological surface states and the quantum well states are analytically connected in momentum space in all three dimensions.

Original language	English
Article number	241401
Journal	Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics
Volume	92
Issue number	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.241401
State	Published - Dec 2 2015
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46383 (T.C.C.), the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. NSF-DMR-1006492 (M.Z.H.), the National Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11204133 (X.W.), the Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. BK2012393 (X.W.), and the Young Scholar Project of Nanjing University of Science and Technology (X.W.). T.R.C. acknowledges visiting scientist support from Princeton University. T.R.C. and H.T.J. are supported by the National Science Council, Academia Sinica, and National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan. We also thank NCHC, CINC-NTU, and NCTS, Taiwan for technical support. We thank M. Bissen and M. Severson for assistance with beamline operation at the Synchrotron Radiation Center, which was supported by the University of Wisconsin-Madison. T.M. and the beamline operations were partially supported by U.S. NSF Grant No. NSF-DMR-1305583.

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation
Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences	1305583, 1006492

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10.1103/PhysRevB.92.241401

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title = "Direct transition resonance in atomically uniform topological Sb(111) thin films",

abstract = "Atomically uniform Sb(111) films are fabricated by the method of molecular beam epitaxy on an optimized Si(111) surface. Two-dimensional quantum well states and topological surface states in these films are well resolved as measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We observe an evolution of direct transition resonances by varying the excitation photon energy (and thus the perpendicular crystal momentum). The experimental results are reproduced in a comprehensive model calculation taking into account first-principles calculated initial states and time-reversed low-energy-electron-diffraction final states in the photoexcitation process. The resonant behavior illustrates that the topological surface states and the quantum well states are analytically connected in momentum space in all three dimensions.",

author = "Guang Bian and Caizhi Xu and Chang, {Tay Rong} and Xiaoxiong Wang and Saavanth Velury and Jie Ren and Hao Zheng and Jeng, {Horng Tay} and T. Miller and Hasan, {M. Zahid} and Chiang, {T. C.}",

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T1 - Direct transition resonance in atomically uniform topological Sb(111) thin films

AU - Bian, Guang

AU - Xu, Caizhi

AU - Chang, Tay Rong

AU - Wang, Xiaoxiong

AU - Velury, Saavanth

AU - Ren, Jie

AU - Zheng, Hao

AU - Jeng, Horng Tay

AU - Miller, T.

AU - Hasan, M. Zahid

AU - Chiang, T. C.

PY - 2015/12/2

Y1 - 2015/12/2

N2 - Atomically uniform Sb(111) films are fabricated by the method of molecular beam epitaxy on an optimized Si(111) surface. Two-dimensional quantum well states and topological surface states in these films are well resolved as measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We observe an evolution of direct transition resonances by varying the excitation photon energy (and thus the perpendicular crystal momentum). The experimental results are reproduced in a comprehensive model calculation taking into account first-principles calculated initial states and time-reversed low-energy-electron-diffraction final states in the photoexcitation process. The resonant behavior illustrates that the topological surface states and the quantum well states are analytically connected in momentum space in all three dimensions.

AB - Atomically uniform Sb(111) films are fabricated by the method of molecular beam epitaxy on an optimized Si(111) surface. Two-dimensional quantum well states and topological surface states in these films are well resolved as measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We observe an evolution of direct transition resonances by varying the excitation photon energy (and thus the perpendicular crystal momentum). The experimental results are reproduced in a comprehensive model calculation taking into account first-principles calculated initial states and time-reversed low-energy-electron-diffraction final states in the photoexcitation process. The resonant behavior illustrates that the topological surface states and the quantum well states are analytically connected in momentum space in all three dimensions.

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Direct transition resonance in atomically uniform topological Sb(111) thin films

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