Abstract
Mapping the dielectric properties of cells with nanoscale spatial resolution can be an im-portant tool in nanomedicine and nanotoxicity analysis, which can complement structural and mechanical nanoscale measurements. Recently we have shown that dielectric constant maps can be obtained on dried fixed cells in air environment by means of scanning dielectric force volume mi-croscopy. Here, we demonstrate that such measurements can also be performed in the much more challenging case of fixed cells in liquid environment. Performing the measurements in liquid media contributes to preserve better the structure of the fixed cells, while also enabling accessing the local dielectric properties under fully hydrated conditions. The results shown in this work pave the way to address the nanoscale dielectric imaging of living cells, for which still further developments are required, as discussed here.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 1402 |
| Journal | Nanomaterials |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2021 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
Acknowledgments: This work was partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economıa, In‐ dustria y Competitividad and EU FEDER through Grant No. PID2019‐111376RA‐I00, the Generalitat de Catalunya through Grants No. 2017‐SGR1079, and the CERCA Program. AGM acknowledges a fellowship from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 1000010434), with code LCF/BQ/DI17/11620054. This project has received also funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska‐Curie grant agreement No. 713673. We acknowledge the con‐ tributions of G. Gramse, M. A. Edwards and L. Fumagalli in the original development of in‐liquid SDM. Spanish Ministerio de Econom?a, Industria y Competitividad and EU FEDER through Grant No. PID2019?111376RA?I00. Generalitat de Catalunya through Grants No. 2017?SGR1079, and the CERCA Program. ?la Caixa? Foundation (ID 1000010434), with code LCF/BQ/DI17/11620054, co?funded by the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Ma-rie Sk?odowska?Curie grant agreement No. 713673. Funding: Spanish Ministerio de Economıa, Industria y Competitividad and EU FEDER through Grant No. PID2019‐111376RA‐I00. Generalitat de Catalunya through Grants No. 2017‐SGR1079, and the CERCA Program. “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 1000010434), with code LCF/BQ/DI17/11620054, co‐funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Ma‐ rie Skłodowska‐Curie grant agreement No. 713673. Data Availability Statement: The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Ma‐ rie Skłodowska‐Curie | |
| Spanish Ministerio de Economıa, In‐ dustria y Competitividad | |
| “la Caixa” Foundation | |
| Horizon 2020 Framework Programme | 713673 |
| Generalitat de Catalunya | 1000010434, LCF/BQ/DI17/11620054, 2017‐SGR1079 |
| European Regional Development Fund | PID2019, PID2019‐111376RA‐I00 |
| Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España |
Keywords
- Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
- Dielectric properties
- Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM)
- Functional micros-copy
- Scanning dielectric microscopy (SDM)
- Scanning probe microscopy (SPM)