TY - JOUR
T1 - Detection of faulted phases in a medium-voltage main feeder using the cyber grid guard system with distributed ledger technology
AU - Hahn, Gary
AU - Piesciorovsky, Emilio C.
AU - Borges Hink, Raymond
AU - Werth, Aaron
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s)
PY - 2024/10
Y1 - 2024/10
N2 - Modern electrical grids have intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) such as protective relays that use internal logic to detect the types of electrical faults. The increasing integration of distributed energy sources and the resulting complexity of electrical grid communication architectures necessitates enhanced robustness of IEDs’ monitoring while maintaining security against potential cyber threats. In this study, a backup electrical faulted phase detection method with a distributed ledger technology (DLT) platform was implemented. Cyber Grid Guard software was developed to collect phase currents and voltages transmitted through IEC 61850 GOOSE messages, detect faulted phases from the IEDs using the GOOSE data, and validate the data by hashing them and storing them in the distributed ledger. In this way, the hashed data were run into an electrical faulted phase algorithm based on using a current threshold for detecting the faulted phases in the medium-voltage main feeder of an electrical substation. The detection of the electrical faulted phases was assessed in a real-time simulator with protective relays, meters, the software framework, and DLT in the loop. The proposed method provides secure and reliable backup detection external to the IEDs, and DLT validation enhances system security and trust.
AB - Modern electrical grids have intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) such as protective relays that use internal logic to detect the types of electrical faults. The increasing integration of distributed energy sources and the resulting complexity of electrical grid communication architectures necessitates enhanced robustness of IEDs’ monitoring while maintaining security against potential cyber threats. In this study, a backup electrical faulted phase detection method with a distributed ledger technology (DLT) platform was implemented. Cyber Grid Guard software was developed to collect phase currents and voltages transmitted through IEC 61850 GOOSE messages, detect faulted phases from the IEDs using the GOOSE data, and validate the data by hashing them and storing them in the distributed ledger. In this way, the hashed data were run into an electrical faulted phase algorithm based on using a current threshold for detecting the faulted phases in the medium-voltage main feeder of an electrical substation. The detection of the electrical faulted phases was assessed in a real-time simulator with protective relays, meters, the software framework, and DLT in the loop. The proposed method provides secure and reliable backup detection external to the IEDs, and DLT validation enhances system security and trust.
KW - Blockchain
KW - Cybersecurity
KW - Distributed ledger technology
KW - Fault diagnosis
KW - Power system
KW - Protective relay
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85199963495&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110162
DO - 10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110162
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85199963495
SN - 0142-0615
VL - 161
JO - International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems
JF - International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems
M1 - 110162
ER -