Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays

S. Ammazzalorso; D. Gruen; M. Regis; S. Camera; S. Ando; N. Fornengo; K. Bechtol; S. L. Bridle; A. Choi; T. F. Eifler; M. Gatti; N. Maccrann; Y. Omori; S. Samuroff; E. Sheldon; M. A. Troxel; J. Zuntz; M. Carrasco Kind; J. Annis; S. Avila; E. Bertin; D. Brooks; D. L. Burke; A. Carnero Rosell; J. Carretero; F. J. Castander; M. Costanzi; L. N. Da Costa; J. De Vicente; S. Desai; H. T. Diehl; J. P. Dietrich; P. Doel; S. Everett; B. Flaugher; P. Fosalba; J. Garciá-Bellido; E. Gaztanaga; D. W. Gerdes; T. Giannantonio; D. A. Goldstein; R. A. Gruendl; G. Gutierrez; D. L. Hollowood; K. Honscheid; D. J. James; M. Jarvis; T. Jeltema; S. Kent; N. Kuropatkin; O. Lahav; T. S. Li; M. Lima; M. A.G. Maia; J. L. Marshall; P. Melchior; F. Menanteau; R. Miquel; R. L.C. Ogando; A. Palmese; A. A. Plazas; A. K. Romer; A. Roodman; E. S. Rykoff; C. Sánchez; E. Sanchez; V. Scarpine; S. Serrano; I. Sevilla-Noarbe; M. Smith; M. Soares-Santos; F. Sobreira; E. Suchyta; M. E.C. Swanson; G. Tarle; D. Thomas; V. Vikram; Y. Zhang

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102

Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays

S. Ammazzalorso, D. Gruen, M. Regis, S. Camera, S. Ando, N. Fornengo, K. Bechtol, S. L. Bridle, A. Choi, T. F. Eifler, M. Gatti, N. Maccrann, Y. Omori, S. Samuroff, E. Sheldon, M. A. Troxel, J. Zuntz, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Annis, S. AvilaE. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, M. Costanzi, L. N. Da Costa, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, P. Doel, S. Everett, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, J. Garciá-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, T. Giannantonio, D. A. Goldstein, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, M. Jarvis, T. Jeltema, S. Kent, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, T. S. Li, M. Lima, M. A.G. Maia, J. L. Marshall, P. Melchior, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. L.C. Ogando, A. Palmese, A. A. Plazas, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. S. Rykoff, C. Sánchez, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, S. Serrano, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, F. Sobreira, E. Suchyta, M. E.C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, V. Vikram, Y. Zhang

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Abstract

In recent years, many γ-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between γ rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use data from the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing data and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-yr γ-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localized at small angular scales and high γ-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission.

Original language	English
Article number	101102
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	124
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102
State	Published - Mar 13 2020

Funding

We warmly acknowledge Mattia Fornasa for his collaboration in the early phases of this project. This work is supported by \u201CDepartments of Excellence\u201D grant awarded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) L. 232/2016; research grant \u201CThe Anisotropic Dark Universe\u201D No. CSTO161409, funded by Compagnia di Sanpaolo and University of Turin; Research grant TAsP (Theoretical Astroparticle Physics) funded INFN; research grant \u201CThe Dark Universe: A Synergic Multimessenger Approach\u201D No. 2017X7X85K funded by MIUR; research grant \u201CFrom Darklight to Dark Matter: Understanding the galaxy/matter connection to measure the Universe\u201D No. 20179P3PKJ funded by MIUR; research grant \u201CDeciphering the high-energy sky via cross correlation\u201D funded by Accordo Attuativo ASI-INAF No. 2017-14-H.0. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 and the support D.\u2009G. received from a Panofsky Fellowship. Support for D.\u2009G. was also provided by Chandra Grant No. GO8-19101A, issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center. S.\u2009C. is supported by MIUR through Rita Levi Montalcini project \u201CPROMETHEUS\u2014Probing and Relating Observables with Multi-Wavelength Experiments to Help Enlightening the Universe\u2019s Structure.\u201D S.\u2009A. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grants No. No. JP17H04836, No. JP18H04578, and No. JP18H04340. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Award No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at The Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Funda\u00E7\u00E3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00E0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00EDfico e Tecnol\u00F3gico and the Minist\u00E9rio da Ci\u00EAncia, Tecnologia e Inova\u00E7\u00E3o, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energ\u00E9ticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol\u00F3gicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgen\u00F6ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z\u00FCrich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ci\u00E8ncies de l\u2019Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de F\u00EDsica d\u2019Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00E4t M\u00FCnchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under Grants No. AYA2015-71825, No. ESP2015-66861, No. FPA2015-68048, No. SEV-2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I.\u2009F.\u2009A.\u2009E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union\u2019s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grants No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through Project No. CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00EAncia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq Grant No. 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by employees of Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript or allows others to do so for U.S. Government purposes. This Letter has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration.

Funders	Funder number
Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University
Compagnia di Sanpaolo
Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia
High Energy Physics
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Ohio State University
Università degli Studi di Torino
University of Chicago
Generalitat de Catalunya
Higher Education Funding Council for England
Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
European Commission
Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção
U.S. Department of Energy
Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom
Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação
Office of Science
National Centre for Supercomputing Applications
European Research Council
European Regional Development Fund
Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico	465376/2014-2
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca	CSTO161409
Fermi Research Alliance, LLC	DE-AC02-07CH11359
National Science Foundation	1138766, 240672, 306478, AST-1536171
Seventh Framework Programme	1138766, 291329
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science	JP18H04578, JP18H04340, 17H04836
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad	SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, ESP2015-66861, MDM-2015-0509, FPA2015-68048, AYA2015-71825
Australian Research Council	CE110001020
Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare	20179P3PKJ, 2017-14-H.0, 2017X7X85K
Laboratory Directed Research and Development	GO8-19101A, DE-AC02-76SF00515

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10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102

Cite this

Ammazzalorso, S., Gruen, D., Regis, M., Camera, S., Ando, S., Fornengo, N., Bechtol, K., Bridle, S. L., Choi, A., Eifler, T. F., Gatti, M., Maccrann, N., Omori, Y., Samuroff, S., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Zuntz, J., Carrasco Kind, M., Annis, J., ... Zhang, Y. (2020). Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays. Physical Review Letters, 124(10), Article 101102. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102

@article{12caafc6bff8451188cf7f2ec5b3465f,

title = "Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays",

abstract = "In recent years, many γ-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between γ rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use data from the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing data and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-yr γ-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localized at small angular scales and high γ-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission.",

author = "S. Ammazzalorso and D. Gruen and M. Regis and S. Camera and S. Ando and N. Fornengo and K. Bechtol and Bridle, {S. L.} and A. Choi and Eifler, {T. F.} and M. Gatti and N. Maccrann and Y. Omori and S. Samuroff and E. Sheldon and Troxel, {M. A.} and J. Zuntz and {Carrasco Kind}, M. and J. Annis and S. Avila and E. Bertin and D. Brooks and Burke, {D. L.} and {Carnero Rosell}, A. and J. Carretero and Castander, {F. J.} and M. Costanzi and {Da Costa}, {L. N.} and {De Vicente}, J. and S. Desai and Diehl, {H. T.} and Dietrich, {J. P.} and P. Doel and S. Everett and B. Flaugher and P. Fosalba and J. Garci{\'a}-Bellido and E. Gaztanaga and Gerdes, {D. W.} and T. Giannantonio and Goldstein, {D. A.} and Gruendl, {R. A.} and G. Gutierrez and Hollowood, {D. L.} and K. Honscheid and James, {D. J.} and M. Jarvis and T. Jeltema and S. Kent and N. Kuropatkin and O. Lahav and Li, {T. S.} and M. Lima and Maia, {M. A.G.} and Marshall, {J. L.} and P. Melchior and F. Menanteau and R. Miquel and Ogando, {R. L.C.} and A. Palmese and Plazas, {A. A.} and Romer, {A. K.} and A. Roodman and Rykoff, {E. S.} and C. S{\'a}nchez and E. Sanchez and V. Scarpine and S. Serrano and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Smith and M. Soares-Santos and F. Sobreira and E. Suchyta and Swanson, {M. E.C.} and G. Tarle and D. Thomas and V. Vikram and Y. Zhang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 authors. Published by the American Physical Society.",

year = "2020",

month = mar,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102",

language = "English",

volume = "124",

journal = "Physical Review Letters",

issn = "0031-9007",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "10",

}

Ammazzalorso, S, Gruen, D, Regis, M, Camera, S, Ando, S, Fornengo, N, Bechtol, K, Bridle, SL, Choi, A, Eifler, TF, Gatti, M, Maccrann, N, Omori, Y, Samuroff, S, Sheldon, E, Troxel, MA, Zuntz, J, Carrasco Kind, M, Annis, J, Avila, S, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Carnero Rosell, A, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Costanzi, M, Da Costa, LN, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Everett, S, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Garciá-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Goldstein, DA, Gruendl, RA, Gutierrez, G, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Li, TS, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Ogando, RLC, Palmese, A, Plazas, AA, Romer, AK, Roodman, A, Rykoff, ES, Sánchez, C, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Vikram, V & Zhang, Y 2020, 'Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays', Physical Review Letters, vol. 124, no. 10, 101102. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102

TY - JOUR

T1 - Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays

AU - Ammazzalorso, S.

AU - Gruen, D.

AU - Regis, M.

AU - Camera, S.

AU - Ando, S.

AU - Fornengo, N.

AU - Bechtol, K.

AU - Bridle, S. L.

AU - Choi, A.

AU - Eifler, T. F.

AU - Gatti, M.

AU - Maccrann, N.

AU - Omori, Y.

AU - Samuroff, S.

AU - Sheldon, E.

AU - Troxel, M. A.

AU - Zuntz, J.

AU - Carrasco Kind, M.

AU - Annis, J.

AU - Avila, S.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Carnero Rosell, A.

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - Castander, F. J.

AU - Costanzi, M.

AU - Da Costa, L. N.

AU - De Vicente, J.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Dietrich, J. P.

AU - Doel, P.

AU - Everett, S.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Fosalba, P.

AU - Garciá-Bellido, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Gerdes, D. W.

AU - Giannantonio, T.

AU - Goldstein, D. A.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Gutierrez, G.

AU - Hollowood, D. L.

AU - Honscheid, K.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Jarvis, M.

AU - Jeltema, T.

AU - Kent, S.

AU - Kuropatkin, N.

AU - Lahav, O.

AU - Li, T. S.

AU - Lima, M.

AU - Maia, M. A.G.

AU - Marshall, J. L.

AU - Melchior, P.

AU - Menanteau, F.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Ogando, R. L.C.

AU - Palmese, A.

AU - Plazas, A. A.

AU - Romer, A. K.

AU - Roodman, A.

AU - Rykoff, E. S.

AU - Sánchez, C.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Scarpine, V.

AU - Serrano, S.

AU - Sevilla-Noarbe, I.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Soares-Santos, M.

AU - Sobreira, F.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Swanson, M. E.C.

AU - Tarle, G.

AU - Thomas, D.

AU - Vikram, V.

AU - Zhang, Y.

PY - 2020/3/13

Y1 - 2020/3/13

N2 - In recent years, many γ-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between γ rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use data from the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing data and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-yr γ-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localized at small angular scales and high γ-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission.

AB - In recent years, many γ-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between γ rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use data from the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing data and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-yr γ-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localized at small angular scales and high γ-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082522665&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101102

M3 - Article

C2 - 32216401

AN - SCOPUS:85082522665

SN - 0031-9007

VL - 124

JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

IS - 10

M1 - 101102

ER -

Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays

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