Design and performance of shattered pellet injection systems for JET and KSTAR disruption mitigation research in support of ITER

L. R. Baylor; S. J. Meitner; T. E. Gebhart; J. B.O. Caughman; D. Shiraki; J. R. Wilson; D. Craven; M. Fortune; S. Silburn; A. Muir; A. T. Peacock; S. H. Park; K. P. Kim; J. H. Kim; K. S. Lee; G. Ellwood; S. Jachmich; U. Kruezi; M. Lehnen; J. E.T. Contributors

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3

Design and performance of shattered pellet injection systems for JET and KSTAR disruption mitigation research in support of ITER

L. R. Baylor, S. J. Meitner, T. E. Gebhart, J. B.O. Caughman, D. Shiraki, J. R. Wilson, D. Craven, M. Fortune, S. Silburn, A. Muir, A. T. Peacock, S. H. Park, K. P. Kim, J. H. Kim, K. S. Lee, G. Ellwood, S. Jachmich, U. Kruezi, M. Lehnen, J. E.T. Contributors

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Shattered pellet injection (SPI) systems that form cryogenic pellets in a pipe-gun for injection of material to mitigate disruptions have been fabricated and installed for use in thermal mitigation and runaway electron (RE) dissipation experiments on JET and KSTAR. These systems are to support disruption mitigation research for ITER and are based on an ORNL three-barrel design for flexibility in pellet size selection and variable pellet composition studies. The SPI systems for JET and KSTAR have a common feature of the barrels being collimated into a single injection line that enters the vacuum vessel. The pellets are shattered in bent stainless steel tubes that are mounted inside the vacuum vessel of the tokamak, vertically on JET and horizontally on KSTAR. The JET installation has the unique feature of vertical SPI mounting and injection with the shatter plume aimed toward the inner wall to intercept known RE beam locations generated from argon gas injection induced disruptions. The KSTAR SPI installation has two identical SPIs that are mounted on the midplane 180 degrees apart with identical injection lines and shatter tubes aimed at the plasma magnetic axis. Installation and operation of these SPI systems has provided useful lessons learned in the implementation of this SPI technology and valuable experience in optimizing the formation and firing of the pellets to optimize the physics performance.

Original language	English
Article number	106001
Journal	Nuclear Fusion
Volume	61
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3
State	Published - Oct 2021

Keywords

JET
KSTAR
disruption
pellet

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3

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Baylor, L. R., Meitner, S. J., Gebhart, T. E., Caughman, J. B. O., Shiraki, D., Wilson, J. R., Craven, D., Fortune, M., Silburn, S., Muir, A., Peacock, A. T., Park, S. H., Kim, K. P., Kim, J. H., Lee, K. S., Ellwood, G., Jachmich, S., Kruezi, U., Lehnen, M., & Contributors, J. E. T. (2021). Design and performance of shattered pellet injection systems for JET and KSTAR disruption mitigation research in support of ITER. Nuclear Fusion, 61(10), Article 106001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3

@article{e6487474aef948b9a5ffebfc7c180ad0,

title = "Design and performance of shattered pellet injection systems for JET and KSTAR disruption mitigation research in support of ITER",

abstract = "Shattered pellet injection (SPI) systems that form cryogenic pellets in a pipe-gun for injection of material to mitigate disruptions have been fabricated and installed for use in thermal mitigation and runaway electron (RE) dissipation experiments on JET and KSTAR. These systems are to support disruption mitigation research for ITER and are based on an ORNL three-barrel design for flexibility in pellet size selection and variable pellet composition studies. The SPI systems for JET and KSTAR have a common feature of the barrels being collimated into a single injection line that enters the vacuum vessel. The pellets are shattered in bent stainless steel tubes that are mounted inside the vacuum vessel of the tokamak, vertically on JET and horizontally on KSTAR. The JET installation has the unique feature of vertical SPI mounting and injection with the shatter plume aimed toward the inner wall to intercept known RE beam locations generated from argon gas injection induced disruptions. The KSTAR SPI installation has two identical SPIs that are mounted on the midplane 180 degrees apart with identical injection lines and shatter tubes aimed at the plasma magnetic axis. Installation and operation of these SPI systems has provided useful lessons learned in the implementation of this SPI technology and valuable experience in optimizing the formation and firing of the pellets to optimize the physics performance.",

keywords = "JET, KSTAR, disruption, pellet",

author = "Baylor, {L. R.} and Meitner, {S. J.} and Gebhart, {T. E.} and Caughman, {J. B.O.} and D. Shiraki and Wilson, {J. R.} and D. Craven and M. Fortune and S. Silburn and A. Muir and Peacock, {A. T.} and Park, {S. H.} and Kim, {K. P.} and Kim, {J. H.} and Lee, {K. S.} and G. Ellwood and S. Jachmich and U. Kruezi and M. Lehnen and Contributors, {J. E.T.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 IAEA, Vienna.",

year = "2021",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3",

language = "English",

volume = "61",

journal = "Nuclear Fusion",

issn = "0029-5515",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "10",

}

Baylor, LR , Meitner, SJ, Gebhart, TE, Caughman, JBO , Shiraki, D, Wilson, JR, Craven, D, Fortune, M, Silburn, S, Muir, A, Peacock, AT, Park, SH, Kim, KP, Kim, JH, Lee, KS, Ellwood, G, Jachmich, S, Kruezi, U, Lehnen, M & Contributors, JET 2021, 'Design and performance of shattered pellet injection systems for JET and KSTAR disruption mitigation research in support of ITER', Nuclear Fusion, vol. 61, no. 10, 106001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3

TY - JOUR

T1 - Design and performance of shattered pellet injection systems for JET and KSTAR disruption mitigation research in support of ITER

AU - Baylor, L. R.

AU - Meitner, S. J.

AU - Gebhart, T. E.

AU - Caughman, J. B.O.

AU - Shiraki, D.

AU - Wilson, J. R.

AU - Craven, D.

AU - Fortune, M.

AU - Silburn, S.

AU - Muir, A.

AU - Peacock, A. T.

AU - Park, S. H.

AU - Kim, K. P.

AU - Kim, J. H.

AU - Lee, K. S.

AU - Ellwood, G.

AU - Jachmich, S.

AU - Kruezi, U.

AU - Lehnen, M.

AU - Contributors, J. E.T.

PY - 2021/10

Y1 - 2021/10

N2 - Shattered pellet injection (SPI) systems that form cryogenic pellets in a pipe-gun for injection of material to mitigate disruptions have been fabricated and installed for use in thermal mitigation and runaway electron (RE) dissipation experiments on JET and KSTAR. These systems are to support disruption mitigation research for ITER and are based on an ORNL three-barrel design for flexibility in pellet size selection and variable pellet composition studies. The SPI systems for JET and KSTAR have a common feature of the barrels being collimated into a single injection line that enters the vacuum vessel. The pellets are shattered in bent stainless steel tubes that are mounted inside the vacuum vessel of the tokamak, vertically on JET and horizontally on KSTAR. The JET installation has the unique feature of vertical SPI mounting and injection with the shatter plume aimed toward the inner wall to intercept known RE beam locations generated from argon gas injection induced disruptions. The KSTAR SPI installation has two identical SPIs that are mounted on the midplane 180 degrees apart with identical injection lines and shatter tubes aimed at the plasma magnetic axis. Installation and operation of these SPI systems has provided useful lessons learned in the implementation of this SPI technology and valuable experience in optimizing the formation and firing of the pellets to optimize the physics performance.

AB - Shattered pellet injection (SPI) systems that form cryogenic pellets in a pipe-gun for injection of material to mitigate disruptions have been fabricated and installed for use in thermal mitigation and runaway electron (RE) dissipation experiments on JET and KSTAR. These systems are to support disruption mitigation research for ITER and are based on an ORNL three-barrel design for flexibility in pellet size selection and variable pellet composition studies. The SPI systems for JET and KSTAR have a common feature of the barrels being collimated into a single injection line that enters the vacuum vessel. The pellets are shattered in bent stainless steel tubes that are mounted inside the vacuum vessel of the tokamak, vertically on JET and horizontally on KSTAR. The JET installation has the unique feature of vertical SPI mounting and injection with the shatter plume aimed toward the inner wall to intercept known RE beam locations generated from argon gas injection induced disruptions. The KSTAR SPI installation has two identical SPIs that are mounted on the midplane 180 degrees apart with identical injection lines and shatter tubes aimed at the plasma magnetic axis. Installation and operation of these SPI systems has provided useful lessons learned in the implementation of this SPI technology and valuable experience in optimizing the formation and firing of the pellets to optimize the physics performance.

KW - JET

KW - KSTAR

KW - disruption

KW - pellet

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115215617&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3

DO - 10.1088/1741-4326/ac1bc3

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85115215617

SN - 0029-5515

VL - 61

JO - Nuclear Fusion

JF - Nuclear Fusion

IS - 10

M1 - 106001

ER -

Design and performance of shattered pellet injection systems for JET and KSTAR disruption mitigation research in support of ITER

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Keywords

UN SDGs

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