Abstract
The martensite phase transformation dependence upon deformation modes and strain paths in a medium manganese (10 wt%) TRIP steel stamped into a T-shape panel was quantified through combination of 3D digital image correlation and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The T-shape emulates a portion of a common anti-intrusion component. The stamping speed was kept intentionally slow (1 mm/s) so as to avoid excessive heat generation. The steel, which belongs to the third generation advanced high strength steel (3GAHSS) family, was chosen for two reasons: (1) it is two-phase, i.e. austenite and ferrite, with martensite resulting from deformation-induced phase transformation; (2) the 66 vol.% initial retained austenite volume fraction (RAVF) enabled a thorough examination of the martensite phase transformation at large deformation levels without exhaustion. Strain fields were coupled with measured RAVF values of small specimens extracted from specific locations on a formed T-shape panel. This enabled an exploration of the effects of linear, bilinear, and non-linear strain paths as well as deformation modes such as tension, plane strain, biaxial tension, and equibiaxial tension. Results suggest a significant martensite phase transformation dependence on deformation mode and strain path in the absence of fracture and when martensite phase transformation is unaffected by heat generated during forming. In general, the uniaxial and biaxial tension deformation modes facilitate the martensite phase transformation, while the smallest amount of martensite phase transformation occurs under plane strain. Some discussion as to further application of the experimental methods detailed in this study to other 3GAHSS and the effects of fracture on martensite phase transformation is provided.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 611-623 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | Materials Science and Engineering: A |
| Volume | 711 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 10 2018 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
The synchrotron X-ray diffraction work was conducted at the Advanced Photon Source, a wt%) TRIP tensile flow properties detailed in U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 . The support of Mr. R. Spence of Argonne Beam Line 11-I-DC during all phases of the synchrotron study is gratefully acknowledged. R. Alturk and C.M. Enloe assisted with measurement of the Med. Mn (10 Appendix A . W.W., YW.W., P. M., F. Z., and G.A.T. acknowledge the support of the AK Steel Corporation. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory under Award Number No. DE-EE0005976 . This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Such support does not constitute an endorsement by the Department of Energy of the work or the views expressed herein. The synchrotron X-ray diffraction work was conducted at the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The support of Mr. R. Spence of Argonne Beam Line 11-I-DC during all phases of the synchrotron study is gratefully acknowledged. R. Alturk and C.M. Enloe assisted with measurement of the Med. Mn (10 wt%) TRIP tensile flow properties detailed in Appendix A. W.W., YW.W., P. M., F. Z., and G.A.T. acknowledge the support of the AK Steel Corporation. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory under Award Number No. DE-EE0005976. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Such support does not constitute an endorsement by the Department of Energy of the work or the views expressed herein.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| AK Steel Corporation | |
| DOE Office of Science | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | DE-AC02-06CH11357 |
| Office of Science | |
| Argonne National Laboratory | |
| National Energy Technology Laboratory |
Keywords
- Deformation modes
- Martensite phase transformation
- Non-linear strain path