Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological constraints from cluster abundances and weak lensing

T. M.C. Abbott, M. Aguena, A. Alarcon, S. Allam, S. Allen, J. Annis, S. Avila, D. Bacon, K. Bechtol, A. Bermeo, G. M. Bernstein, E. Bertin, S. Bhargava, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. Brout, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco KindJ. Carretero, F. J. Castander, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, X. Chen, A. Choi, M. Costanzi, M. Crocce, L. N. Da Costa, T. M. Davis, J. De Vicente, J. Derose, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, S. Dodelson, P. Doel, A. Drlica-Wagner, K. Eckert, T. F. Eifler, J. Elvin-Poole, J. Estrada, S. Everett, A. E. Evrard, A. Farahi, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, T. Giannantonio, P. Giles, S. Grandis, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, W. G. Hartley, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, B. Hoyle, D. Huterer, D. J. James, M. Jarvis, T. Jeltema, M. W.G. Johnson, M. D. Johnson, S. Kent, E. Krause, R. Kron, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, T. S. Li, C. Lidman, M. Lima, H. Lin, N. Maccrann, M. A.G. Maia, A. Mantz, J. L. Marshall, P. Martini, J. Mayers, P. Melchior, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, R. C. Nichol, B. Nord, R. L.C. Ogando, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. A. Plazas, J. Prat, M. M. Rau, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, P. Rooney, E. Rozo, E. S. Rykoff, M. Sako, S. Samuroff, C. Sánchez, E. Sanchez, A. Saro, V. Scarpine, M. Schubnell, D. Scolnic, S. Serrano, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Sheldon, J. Allyn Smith, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E.C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, M. A. Troxel, D. L. Tucker, T. N. Varga, A. Von Der Linden, A. R. Walker, R. H. Wechsler, J. Weller, R. D. Wilkinson, H. Wu, B. Yanny, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. Zuntz

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Abstract

We perform a joint analysis of the counts and weak lensing signal of redMaPPer clusters selected from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 dataset. Our analysis uses the same shear and source photometric redshifts estimates as were used in the DES combined probes analysis. Our analysis results in surprisingly low values for S8=σ8(ωm/0.3)0.5=0.65±0.04, driven by a low matter density parameter, ωm=0.179-0.038+0.031, with σ8-ωm posteriors in 2.4σ tension with the DES Y1 3x2pt results, and in 5.6σ with the Planck CMB analysis. These results include the impact of post-unblinding changes to the analysis, which did not improve the level of consistency with other data sets compared to the results obtained at the unblinding. The fact that multiple cosmological probes (supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic shear, galaxy clustering and CMB anisotropies), and other galaxy cluster analyses all favor significantly higher matter densities suggests the presence of systematic errors in the data or an incomplete modeling of the relevant physics. Cross checks with x-ray and microwave data, as well as independent constraints on the observable-mass relation from Sunyaev-Zeldovich selected clusters, suggest that the discrepancy resides in our modeling of the weak lensing signal rather than the cluster abundance. Repeating our analysis using a higher richness threshold (λ≥30) significantly reduces the tension with other probes, and points to one or more richness-dependent effects not captured by our model.

Original languageEnglish
Article number023509
JournalPhysical Review D
Volume102
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 15 2020

Funding

Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Funda\u00E7\u00E3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00E0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00EDfico e Tecnol\u00F3gico and the Minist\u00E9rio da Ci\u00EAncia, Tecnologia e Inova\u00E7\u00E3o, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energ\u00E9ticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol\u00F3gicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgen\u00F6ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z\u00FCrich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ci\u00E8ncies de l\u2019Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de F\u00EDsica d\u2019Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00E4t M\u00FCnchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under Grants No. AYA2015-71825, No. ESP2015-66861, No. FPA2015-68048, No. SEV-2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I.\u2009F.\u2009A.\u2009E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union\u2019s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grant agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through Project No. CE110001020. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. M.\u2009C. and A.\u2009S. are supported by the ERC-StG \u201CClustersXCosmo\u201D Grant agreement No. 716762. A.\u2009S. is supported by the FARE-MIUR grant \u201CClustersXEuclid\u201D. E.\u2009R. was supported by the DOE Grant No. DE-SC0015975, by the Sloan Foundation, Grant No. FG-2016-6443, and the Cottrell Scholar program of the Research Corporation for Science Advancement. This research used simulations that were performed resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

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