Cryogenic Considerations for Superconducting Magnet System Design for the Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX)

Robert C. Duckworth; Earle Edmund Burkhardt; Arnold Lumsdaine; Juergen Rapp; Thomas Bjorholm; Michael Anerella; Chris Runyan; Ramesh Gupta; Joseph Muratore; Piyush Joshi; John Cozzolino; Paul Kovach; Andrew Marone; Stephen Plate; Kathleen Amm

doi:10.1109/TASC.2021.3065628

Cryogenic Considerations for Superconducting Magnet System Design for the Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX)

Robert C. Duckworth, Earle Edmund Burkhardt, Arnold Lumsdaine, Juergen Rapp, Thomas Bjorholm, Michael Anerella, Chris Runyan, Ramesh Gupta, Joseph Muratore, Piyush Joshi, John Cozzolino, Paul Kovach, Andrew Marone, Stephen Plate, Kathleen Amm

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX) has been proposed as a facility to address plasma material interaction knowledge gaps to qualify and develop materials and technologies that surround plasma environments for future fusion reactors. Utilizing different radio-frequency (rf) heating technologies, MPEX is a linear plasma device that will generate fusion reactor-like plasmas with energies and particle fluxes at the target materials with electron temperatures of 1 to 15 eV, electron densities of 1020 to 1021 m-3, and ion fluxes greater than 1024 m-2 s-1. Starting with the MPEX requirements with respect to magnetic fields between 0.1 and 2.5 T and warm bores of either 0.65 m or 1.56 m, conceptual designs for a superconducting magnet system have been developed that utilize multiple NbTi windings distributed across seven cryostats to accommodate rf heating, water cooling, and vacuum systems needed for MPEX. While the cryogenic and magnet technologies relative to the field and space requirements are mature, the integration of these technologies across multiple cryostats presents several technical and logistical challenges. An analysis of the preferred refrigeration approach, modular recondensing liquid helium cryocoolers, was performed. Utilizing a design margin of a factor of two, this approach is feasible within the current design requirements for MPEX with some considerations related to its implementation within the thermal shields and the magnet subsystem geometries.

Original language	English
Article number	9376260
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Volume	31
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3065628
State	Published - Aug 2021

Funding

Manuscript received November 25, 2020; revised February 16, 2021; accepted February 28, 2021. Date of publication March 11, 2021; date of current version April 16, 2021. This work was supported by the Office of Fusion Energy Science within U.S. Department of Energy and has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). (Corresponding author: Robert C. Duckworth.) Robert C. Duckworth, Earle Edmund Burkhardt, Arnold Lumsdaine, Juergen Rapp, and Thomas Bjorholm are with Oak Ridge National University, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA (e-mail: [email protected]).

Funders	Funder number
Office of Fusion Energy Science	DE-AC05-00OR22725
U.S. Department of Energy

Keywords

Cryogenics
fusion materials
plasma source
superconducting magnets

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1109/TASC.2021.3065628

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Duckworth, R. C., Burkhardt, E. E., Lumsdaine, A., Rapp, J., Bjorholm, T., Anerella, M., Runyan, C., Gupta, R., Muratore, J., Joshi, P., Cozzolino, J., Kovach, P., Marone, A., Plate, S., & Amm, K. (2021). Cryogenic Considerations for Superconducting Magnet System Design for the Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX). IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 31(5), Article 9376260. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3065628

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abstract = "The Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX) has been proposed as a facility to address plasma material interaction knowledge gaps to qualify and develop materials and technologies that surround plasma environments for future fusion reactors. Utilizing different radio-frequency (rf) heating technologies, MPEX is a linear plasma device that will generate fusion reactor-like plasmas with energies and particle fluxes at the target materials with electron temperatures of 1 to 15 eV, electron densities of 1020 to 1021 m-3, and ion fluxes greater than 1024 m-2 s-1. Starting with the MPEX requirements with respect to magnetic fields between 0.1 and 2.5 T and warm bores of either 0.65 m or 1.56 m, conceptual designs for a superconducting magnet system have been developed that utilize multiple NbTi windings distributed across seven cryostats to accommodate rf heating, water cooling, and vacuum systems needed for MPEX. While the cryogenic and magnet technologies relative to the field and space requirements are mature, the integration of these technologies across multiple cryostats presents several technical and logistical challenges. An analysis of the preferred refrigeration approach, modular recondensing liquid helium cryocoolers, was performed. Utilizing a design margin of a factor of two, this approach is feasible within the current design requirements for MPEX with some considerations related to its implementation within the thermal shields and the magnet subsystem geometries.",

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Duckworth, RC, Burkhardt, EE, Lumsdaine, A , Rapp, J, Bjorholm, T, Anerella, M, Runyan, C, Gupta, R, Muratore, J, Joshi, P, Cozzolino, J, Kovach, P, Marone, A, Plate, S & Amm, K 2021, 'Cryogenic Considerations for Superconducting Magnet System Design for the Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX)', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 31, no. 5, 9376260. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3065628

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AU - Duckworth, Robert C.

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AU - Lumsdaine, Arnold

AU - Rapp, Juergen

AU - Bjorholm, Thomas

AU - Anerella, Michael

AU - Runyan, Chris

AU - Gupta, Ramesh

AU - Muratore, Joseph

AU - Joshi, Piyush

AU - Cozzolino, John

AU - Kovach, Paul

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AU - Plate, Stephen

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AB - The Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX) has been proposed as a facility to address plasma material interaction knowledge gaps to qualify and develop materials and technologies that surround plasma environments for future fusion reactors. Utilizing different radio-frequency (rf) heating technologies, MPEX is a linear plasma device that will generate fusion reactor-like plasmas with energies and particle fluxes at the target materials with electron temperatures of 1 to 15 eV, electron densities of 1020 to 1021 m-3, and ion fluxes greater than 1024 m-2 s-1. Starting with the MPEX requirements with respect to magnetic fields between 0.1 and 2.5 T and warm bores of either 0.65 m or 1.56 m, conceptual designs for a superconducting magnet system have been developed that utilize multiple NbTi windings distributed across seven cryostats to accommodate rf heating, water cooling, and vacuum systems needed for MPEX. While the cryogenic and magnet technologies relative to the field and space requirements are mature, the integration of these technologies across multiple cryostats presents several technical and logistical challenges. An analysis of the preferred refrigeration approach, modular recondensing liquid helium cryocoolers, was performed. Utilizing a design margin of a factor of two, this approach is feasible within the current design requirements for MPEX with some considerations related to its implementation within the thermal shields and the magnet subsystem geometries.

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Cryogenic Considerations for Superconducting Magnet System Design for the Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX)

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UN SDGs

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