Cryo-quenched Fe-Ni-Cr alloy single crystals: A new decorative steel

L. A. Boatner; J. A. Kolopus; Nicolay V. Lavrik; P. Sudharshan Phani

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.08.327

Cryo-quenched Fe-Ni-Cr alloy single crystals: A new decorative steel

L. A. Boatner, J. A. Kolopus, Nicolay V. Lavrik, P. Sudharshan Phani

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

A decorative steel is described that is formed by a process that is unlike that of the fabrication methods utilized in making the original Damascus steels over 2000 years ago. The decorative aspect of the steel arises from a three-dimensional surface pattern that results from cryogenically quenching polished austenitic alloy single crystals into the martensitic phase that is present below 190 K. No forging operations are involved – the mechanism is entirely based on the metallurgical phase properties of the ternary alloy. The symmetry of the decorative pattern is determined and controlled by the crystallographic orientation and symmetry of the 70%Fe,15%Ni,15%Cr alloy single crystals. In addition to using “cuts” made along principal crystallographic surface directions, an effectively infinite number of other random-orientation “cuts” can be utilized to produce decorative patterns where each pattern is unique after the austenitic-to-martensitic phase transformation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	666-671
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Alloys and Compounds
Volume	691
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.08.327
State	Published - 2017

Funding

Research by L.A.B. and J.A.K. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division . Research by N.V.L. was supported by the Theme Science Program at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy . Research by S. P. was supported by Nanomechanics, Inc., Oak Ridge Tennessee . The authors are indebted to Bryan Chakoumakos for his X-ray examination of the as-grown and transformed Fe-Ni-Cr single crystals and to Kurt Johanns for his assistance with the nano-indentation data. The authors acknowledge with thanks the comments of Jeffrey Wadsworth on the manuscript and his suggestions for its improvement.

Funders	Funder number
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
Division of Scientific User Facilities
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Basic Energy Sciences
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering

Keywords

Crystal growth
Light absorption and reflection
Metallography
Metals and alloys
Optical properties
Phase transition

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10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.08.327

Cite this

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abstract = "A decorative steel is described that is formed by a process that is unlike that of the fabrication methods utilized in making the original Damascus steels over 2000 years ago. The decorative aspect of the steel arises from a three-dimensional surface pattern that results from cryogenically quenching polished austenitic alloy single crystals into the martensitic phase that is present below 190 K. No forging operations are involved – the mechanism is entirely based on the metallurgical phase properties of the ternary alloy. The symmetry of the decorative pattern is determined and controlled by the crystallographic orientation and symmetry of the 70%Fe,15%Ni,15%Cr alloy single crystals. In addition to using “cuts” made along principal crystallographic surface directions, an effectively infinite number of other random-orientation “cuts” can be utilized to produce decorative patterns where each pattern is unique after the austenitic-to-martensitic phase transformation.",

keywords = "Crystal growth, Light absorption and reflection, Metallography, Metals and alloys, Optical properties, Phase transition",

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AU - Phani, P. Sudharshan

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AB - A decorative steel is described that is formed by a process that is unlike that of the fabrication methods utilized in making the original Damascus steels over 2000 years ago. The decorative aspect of the steel arises from a three-dimensional surface pattern that results from cryogenically quenching polished austenitic alloy single crystals into the martensitic phase that is present below 190 K. No forging operations are involved – the mechanism is entirely based on the metallurgical phase properties of the ternary alloy. The symmetry of the decorative pattern is determined and controlled by the crystallographic orientation and symmetry of the 70%Fe,15%Ni,15%Cr alloy single crystals. In addition to using “cuts” made along principal crystallographic surface directions, an effectively infinite number of other random-orientation “cuts” can be utilized to produce decorative patterns where each pattern is unique after the austenitic-to-martensitic phase transformation.

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Cryo-quenched Fe-Ni-Cr alloy single crystals: A new decorative steel

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Keywords

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