Correlations between flow and transverse momentum in Xe + Xe and Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC with the ATLAS detector: A probe of the heavy-ion initial state and nuclear deformation

ATLAS Collaboration

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054910

Correlations between flow and transverse momentum in Xe + Xe and Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC with the ATLAS detector: A probe of the heavy-ion initial state and nuclear deformation

ATLAS Collaboration

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

40 Scopus citations

Abstract

The correlations between flow harmonics v_n for n = 2, 3, and 4 and mean transverse momentum [p_T] in ¹²⁹Xe + ¹²⁹Xe and ²⁰⁸Pb + ²⁰⁸Pb collisions at ^√s = 5.44 and 5.02 TeV, respectively, are measured using charged particles with the ATLAS detector. The correlations are potentially sensitive to the shape and size of the initial geometry, nuclear deformation, and initial momentum anisotropy. The effects from nonflow and centrality fluctuations are minimized, respectively, via a subevent cumulant method and an event-activity selection based on particle production at very forward rapidity. The v_n-[p_T] correlations show strong dependencies on centrality, harmonic number n, p_T, and pseudorapidity range. Current models qualitatively describe the overall centrality- and system-dependent trends but fail to quantitatively reproduce all features of the data. In central collisions, where models generally show good agreement, the v₂-[p_T] correlations are sensitive to the triaxiality of the quadruple deformation. Comparison of the model with the Pb + Pb and Xe + Xe data confirms that the ¹²⁹Xe nucleus is a highly deformed triaxial ellipsoid that has neither a prolate nor oblate shape. This provides strong evidence for a triaxial deformation of the ¹²⁹Xe nucleus from high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

Original language	English
Article number	e054910
Journal	Physical Review C
Volume	107
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054910
State	Published - May 2023
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC, and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST, and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF, and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Türkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada, and CRC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex, and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales, and Aristeia programs co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK), and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide, and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. .

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10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054910

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@article{2e3293158e674e5e8f24ab84a71fc8b7,

title = "Correlations between flow and transverse momentum in Xe + Xe and Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC with the ATLAS detector: A probe of the heavy-ion initial state and nuclear deformation",

abstract = "The correlations between flow harmonics vn for n = 2, 3, and 4 and mean transverse momentum [pT] in 129Xe + 129Xe and 208Pb + 208Pb collisions at √s = 5.44 and 5.02 TeV, respectively, are measured using charged particles with the ATLAS detector. The correlations are potentially sensitive to the shape and size of the initial geometry, nuclear deformation, and initial momentum anisotropy. The effects from nonflow and centrality fluctuations are minimized, respectively, via a subevent cumulant method and an event-activity selection based on particle production at very forward rapidity. The vn-[pT] correlations show strong dependencies on centrality, harmonic number n, pT, and pseudorapidity range. Current models qualitatively describe the overall centrality- and system-dependent trends but fail to quantitatively reproduce all features of the data. In central collisions, where models generally show good agreement, the v2-[pT] correlations are sensitive to the triaxiality of the quadruple deformation. Comparison of the model with the Pb + Pb and Xe + Xe data confirms that the 129Xe nucleus is a highly deformed triaxial ellipsoid that has neither a prolate nor oblate shape. This provides strong evidence for a triaxial deformation of the 129Xe nucleus from high-energy heavy-ion collisions.",

author = "\{ATLAS Collaboration\} and G. Aad and B. Abbott and Abbott, \{D. C.\} and K. Abeling and Abidi, \{S. H.\} and A. Aboulhorma and H. Abramowicz and H. Abreu and Y. Abulaiti and Hoffman, \{A. C.Abusleme\} and Acharya, \{B. S.\} and B. Achkar and L. Adam and Bourdarios, \{C. Adam\} and L. Adamczyk and L. Adamek and Addepalli, \{S. V.\} and J. Adelman and A. Adiguzel and S. Adorni and T. Adye and Affolder, \{A. A.\} and Y. Afik and Agaras, \{M. N.\} and J. Agarwala and A. Aggarwal and C. Agheorghiesei and Aguilar-Saavedra, \{J. A.\} and A. Ahmad and F. Ahmadov and Ahmed, \{W. S.\} and X. Ai and G. Aielli and I. Aizenberg and M. Akbiyik and {\AA}kesson, \{T. P.A.\} and Akimov, \{A. V.\} and \{Al Khoury\}, K. and Alberghi, \{G. L.\} and J. Albert and P. Albicocco and Verzini, \{M. J.Alconada\} and S. Alderweireldt and M. Aleksa and Aleksandrov, \{I. N.\} and C. Alexa and T. Alexopoulos and A. Alfonsi and F. Alfonsi and Steinhebel, \{A. L.\}",

year = "2023",

month = may,

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054910",

language = "English",

volume = "107",

journal = "Physical Review C",

issn = "2469-9985",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "5",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Correlations between flow and transverse momentum in Xe + Xe and Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC with the ATLAS detector

T2 - A probe of the heavy-ion initial state and nuclear deformation

AU - ATLAS Collaboration

AU - Aad, G.

AU - Abbott, B.

AU - Abbott, D. C.

AU - Abeling, K.

AU - Abidi, S. H.

AU - Aboulhorma, A.

AU - Abramowicz, H.

AU - Abreu, H.

AU - Abulaiti, Y.

AU - Hoffman, A. C.Abusleme

AU - Acharya, B. S.

AU - Achkar, B.

AU - Adam, L.

AU - Bourdarios, C. Adam

AU - Adamczyk, L.

AU - Adamek, L.

AU - Addepalli, S. V.

AU - Adelman, J.

AU - Adiguzel, A.

AU - Adorni, S.

AU - Adye, T.

AU - Affolder, A. A.

AU - Afik, Y.

AU - Agaras, M. N.

AU - Agarwala, J.

AU - Aggarwal, A.

AU - Agheorghiesei, C.

AU - Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.

AU - Ahmad, A.

AU - Ahmadov, F.

AU - Ahmed, W. S.

AU - Ai, X.

AU - Aielli, G.

AU - Aizenberg, I.

AU - Akbiyik, M.

AU - Åkesson, T. P.A.

AU - Akimov, A. V.

AU - Al Khoury, K.

AU - Alberghi, G. L.

AU - Albert, J.

AU - Albicocco, P.

AU - Verzini, M. J.Alconada

AU - Alderweireldt, S.

AU - Aleksa, M.

AU - Aleksandrov, I. N.

AU - Alexa, C.

AU - Alexopoulos, T.

AU - Alfonsi, A.

AU - Alfonsi, F.

AU - Steinhebel, A. L.

PY - 2023/5

Y1 - 2023/5

N2 - The correlations between flow harmonics vn for n = 2, 3, and 4 and mean transverse momentum [pT] in 129Xe + 129Xe and 208Pb + 208Pb collisions at √s = 5.44 and 5.02 TeV, respectively, are measured using charged particles with the ATLAS detector. The correlations are potentially sensitive to the shape and size of the initial geometry, nuclear deformation, and initial momentum anisotropy. The effects from nonflow and centrality fluctuations are minimized, respectively, via a subevent cumulant method and an event-activity selection based on particle production at very forward rapidity. The vn-[pT] correlations show strong dependencies on centrality, harmonic number n, pT, and pseudorapidity range. Current models qualitatively describe the overall centrality- and system-dependent trends but fail to quantitatively reproduce all features of the data. In central collisions, where models generally show good agreement, the v2-[pT] correlations are sensitive to the triaxiality of the quadruple deformation. Comparison of the model with the Pb + Pb and Xe + Xe data confirms that the 129Xe nucleus is a highly deformed triaxial ellipsoid that has neither a prolate nor oblate shape. This provides strong evidence for a triaxial deformation of the 129Xe nucleus from high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

AB - The correlations between flow harmonics vn for n = 2, 3, and 4 and mean transverse momentum [pT] in 129Xe + 129Xe and 208Pb + 208Pb collisions at √s = 5.44 and 5.02 TeV, respectively, are measured using charged particles with the ATLAS detector. The correlations are potentially sensitive to the shape and size of the initial geometry, nuclear deformation, and initial momentum anisotropy. The effects from nonflow and centrality fluctuations are minimized, respectively, via a subevent cumulant method and an event-activity selection based on particle production at very forward rapidity. The vn-[pT] correlations show strong dependencies on centrality, harmonic number n, pT, and pseudorapidity range. Current models qualitatively describe the overall centrality- and system-dependent trends but fail to quantitatively reproduce all features of the data. In central collisions, where models generally show good agreement, the v2-[pT] correlations are sensitive to the triaxiality of the quadruple deformation. Comparison of the model with the Pb + Pb and Xe + Xe data confirms that the 129Xe nucleus is a highly deformed triaxial ellipsoid that has neither a prolate nor oblate shape. This provides strong evidence for a triaxial deformation of the 129Xe nucleus from high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85164169793

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054910

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054910

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85164169793

SN - 2469-9985

VL - 107

JO - Physical Review C

JF - Physical Review C

IS - 5

M1 - e054910

ER -

Correlations between flow and transverse momentum in Xe + Xe and Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC with the ATLAS detector: A probe of the heavy-ion initial state and nuclear deformation

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