Abstract
We perform a comprehensive study of Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies to constrain the fundamental properties of dark matter (DM). This analysis fully incorporates inhomogeneities in the spatial distribution and detectability of MW satellites and marginalizes over uncertainties in the mapping between galaxies and DM halos, the properties of the MW system, and the disruption of subhalos by the MW disk. Our results are consistent with the cold, collisionless DM paradigm and yield the strongest cosmological constraints to date on particle models of warm, interacting, and fuzzy dark matter. At 95% confidence, we report limits on (i) the mass of thermal relic warm DM, mWDM>6.5 keV (free-streaming length, λfs≲10h-1 kpc), (ii) the velocity-independent DM-proton scattering cross section, σ0<8.8×10-29 cm2 for a 100 MeV DM particle mass [DM-proton coupling, cp≲(0.3 GeV)-2], and (iii) the mass of fuzzy DM, mφ>2.9×10-21 eV (de Broglie wavelength, λdB≲0.5 kpc). These constraints are complementary to other observational and laboratory constraints on DM properties.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 091101 |
| Journal | Physical Review Letters |
| Volume | 126 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 1 2021 |
Funding
This Letter has gone through internal review by the DES Collaboration. We thank J. J. Cherry and Aurel Schneider for providing transfer functions for resonantly produced sterile neutrinos and Peter Graham for helpful discussions on ultralight axions. This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy contracts to SLAC (DE-AC02-76SF00515) and Fermilab (DE-AC02-07CH11359). Support was received from the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. NSF AST-1517422, Grant No. NSF PHY17-48958 through the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics program “The Small-Scale Structure of Cold(?) Dark Matter,” and Grant No. NSF DGE-1656518 through the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship received by E. O. N. Support for Y.-Y. M. and T. S. L. was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship Grant No. HST-HF2-51441.001 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA Contract No. NAS5-26555. This research made use of computational resources at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory; the authors are thankful for the support of the SLAC computational team. This research made use of the Sherlock cluster at the Stanford Research Computing Center (SRCC); the authors are thankful for the support of the SRCC team. This research made use of arXiv.org and NASA’s Astrophysics Data System for bibliographic information. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the DOE and NSF (USA), MEC/MICINN/MINECO (Spain), STFC (United Kingdom), HEFCE (United Kingdom), NCSA (UIUC), KICP (University of Chicago), CCAPP (Ohio State), MIFPA (Texas A&M), CNPQ, FAPERJ, FINEP (Brazil), DFG (Germany), and the collaborating institutions in DES. The collaborating institutions are Argonne Lab, UC Santa Cruz, University of Cambridge, CIEMAT-Madrid, University of Chicago, University College London, DES-Brazil Consortium, University of Edinburgh, ETH Zürich, Fermilab, University of Illinois, ICE (IEEC-CSIC), IFAE Barcelona, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, LMU München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, University of Michigan, NFS’s NOIRLab, University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Portsmouth, SLAC, Stanford University, University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSFs NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the NSF. The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under Grants No. ESP2017-89838, No. PGC2018-094773, No. PGC2018-102021, No. SEV-2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grant Agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq Grant No. 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | |
| Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia | |
| Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago | |
| Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte | |
| High Energy Physics | |
| Science and Technology Facilities Council | |
| Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro | |
| Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación | |
| University of Chicago | |
| Engineering Research Centers | |
| Generalitat de Catalunya | |
| Higher Education Funding Council for England | |
| Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos | |
| Fermi Research Alliance, LLC | |
| Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | |
| Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico | |
| European Commission | |
| MIFPA | |
| Office of Science | |
| National Centre for Supercomputing Applications | |
| European Research Council | |
| European Regional Development Fund | |
| Texas A and M University | |
| Seventh Framework Programme | 240672, 306478, 291329 |
| Seventh Framework Programme | |
| California Department of Fish and Game | SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, AST-1138766, MDM-2015-0509, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, AST-1536171, ESP2017-89838 |
| California Department of Fish and Game | |
| Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara | DGE-1656518 |
| Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara | |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration | HST-HF2-51441.001 |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration | |
| Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção | 465376/2014-2 |
| Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-AC02-76SF00515 |
| U.S. Department of Energy | |
| National Science Foundation | AST-1517422, PHY17-48958 |
| National Science Foundation | |
| Space Telescope Science Institute | NAS5-26555 |
| Space Telescope Science Institute |