Comparative cyclic voltammetry and surface analysis of passive films grown on stainless steel 316 in concrete pore model solutions

Lucien Veleva; Mario A. Alpuche-Aviles; Melissa K. Graves-Brook; David O. Wipf

doi:10.1016/S0022-0728(02)01253-6

Comparative cyclic voltammetry and surface analysis of passive films grown on stainless steel 316 in concrete pore model solutions

Lucien Veleva, Mario A. Alpuche-Aviles, Melissa K. Graves-Brook, David O. Wipf

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

108 Scopus citations

Abstract

The study of passive layers grown on AISI 316 stainless steel in two model solutions, saturated Ca(OH)₂ and cement extract (CE) solution, show that each solution simulates the concrete pore environment in a different way. A more resistant passive layer is formed in CE solution due to its distinctive composition, homogeneity, thickness and porosity. The CE-exposed sample withstood several hours of cathodic polarization before the characteristic cyclic voltammetry peaks of the non-passivated AISI 316 reappeared. This is in contrast to the saturated Ca(OH)₂-exposed sample, which showed the characteristic CV peaks after several minutes of cathodic polarization. XPS spectra of the passive layer formed in saturated Ca(OH)₂ indicate that the amount of Ca is as much as ten times larger than that in the passive-layer formed in the CE solution. Films formed in CE solution contained Si and S, which are part of the cement mixture composition. Topographical dissimilarities in the passive films are also found in the AFM and optical microscopy images. The passive layer formed in CE solution is homogeneous and covers the metal surface completely. The film formed in saturated Ca(OH)₂ is rough, crystalline, and nonhomogeneous. The differences in the composition and electrochemical behavior of passive layers formed on AISI 316 in saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution or CE model solution suggest that CE solutions are superior for simulating concrete pore environments and that CE solutions create a more resistive passive film. In addition, passive films formed without polarization were superior to films formed on AISI 316 under anodic polarization.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	85-93
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Volume	537
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(02)01253-6
State	Published - Nov 29 2002
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge financial support by the National Science Foundation for grant DBI-9987028 and Mexican Conacyt grant 29649. We also thank Dr. Kirk Schulz for the use of the Surface Science Lab of the Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering.

Funders	Funder number
Mexican Conacyt	29649
National Science Foundation	DBI-9987028

Keywords

Atomic force microscopy
Cement
Corrosion
Cyclic voltammetry
Passivation
Stainless steel

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10.1016/S0022-0728(02)01253-6

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title = "Comparative cyclic voltammetry and surface analysis of passive films grown on stainless steel 316 in concrete pore model solutions",

abstract = "The study of passive layers grown on AISI 316 stainless steel in two model solutions, saturated Ca(OH)2 and cement extract (CE) solution, show that each solution simulates the concrete pore environment in a different way. A more resistant passive layer is formed in CE solution due to its distinctive composition, homogeneity, thickness and porosity. The CE-exposed sample withstood several hours of cathodic polarization before the characteristic cyclic voltammetry peaks of the non-passivated AISI 316 reappeared. This is in contrast to the saturated Ca(OH)2-exposed sample, which showed the characteristic CV peaks after several minutes of cathodic polarization. XPS spectra of the passive layer formed in saturated Ca(OH)2 indicate that the amount of Ca is as much as ten times larger than that in the passive-layer formed in the CE solution. Films formed in CE solution contained Si and S, which are part of the cement mixture composition. Topographical dissimilarities in the passive films are also found in the AFM and optical microscopy images. The passive layer formed in CE solution is homogeneous and covers the metal surface completely. The film formed in saturated Ca(OH)2 is rough, crystalline, and nonhomogeneous. The differences in the composition and electrochemical behavior of passive layers formed on AISI 316 in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution or CE model solution suggest that CE solutions are superior for simulating concrete pore environments and that CE solutions create a more resistive passive film. In addition, passive films formed without polarization were superior to films formed on AISI 316 under anodic polarization.",

keywords = "Atomic force microscopy, Cement, Corrosion, Cyclic voltammetry, Passivation, Stainless steel",

author = "Lucien Veleva and Alpuche-Aviles, {Mario A.} and Graves-Brook, {Melissa K.} and Wipf, {David O.}",

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AU - Veleva, Lucien

AU - Alpuche-Aviles, Mario A.

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AU - Wipf, David O.

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N2 - The study of passive layers grown on AISI 316 stainless steel in two model solutions, saturated Ca(OH)2 and cement extract (CE) solution, show that each solution simulates the concrete pore environment in a different way. A more resistant passive layer is formed in CE solution due to its distinctive composition, homogeneity, thickness and porosity. The CE-exposed sample withstood several hours of cathodic polarization before the characteristic cyclic voltammetry peaks of the non-passivated AISI 316 reappeared. This is in contrast to the saturated Ca(OH)2-exposed sample, which showed the characteristic CV peaks after several minutes of cathodic polarization. XPS spectra of the passive layer formed in saturated Ca(OH)2 indicate that the amount of Ca is as much as ten times larger than that in the passive-layer formed in the CE solution. Films formed in CE solution contained Si and S, which are part of the cement mixture composition. Topographical dissimilarities in the passive films are also found in the AFM and optical microscopy images. The passive layer formed in CE solution is homogeneous and covers the metal surface completely. The film formed in saturated Ca(OH)2 is rough, crystalline, and nonhomogeneous. The differences in the composition and electrochemical behavior of passive layers formed on AISI 316 in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution or CE model solution suggest that CE solutions are superior for simulating concrete pore environments and that CE solutions create a more resistive passive film. In addition, passive films formed without polarization were superior to films formed on AISI 316 under anodic polarization.

AB - The study of passive layers grown on AISI 316 stainless steel in two model solutions, saturated Ca(OH)2 and cement extract (CE) solution, show that each solution simulates the concrete pore environment in a different way. A more resistant passive layer is formed in CE solution due to its distinctive composition, homogeneity, thickness and porosity. The CE-exposed sample withstood several hours of cathodic polarization before the characteristic cyclic voltammetry peaks of the non-passivated AISI 316 reappeared. This is in contrast to the saturated Ca(OH)2-exposed sample, which showed the characteristic CV peaks after several minutes of cathodic polarization. XPS spectra of the passive layer formed in saturated Ca(OH)2 indicate that the amount of Ca is as much as ten times larger than that in the passive-layer formed in the CE solution. Films formed in CE solution contained Si and S, which are part of the cement mixture composition. Topographical dissimilarities in the passive films are also found in the AFM and optical microscopy images. The passive layer formed in CE solution is homogeneous and covers the metal surface completely. The film formed in saturated Ca(OH)2 is rough, crystalline, and nonhomogeneous. The differences in the composition and electrochemical behavior of passive layers formed on AISI 316 in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution or CE model solution suggest that CE solutions are superior for simulating concrete pore environments and that CE solutions create a more resistive passive film. In addition, passive films formed without polarization were superior to films formed on AISI 316 under anodic polarization.

KW - Atomic force microscopy

KW - Cement

KW - Corrosion

KW - Cyclic voltammetry

KW - Passivation

KW - Stainless steel

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Comparative cyclic voltammetry and surface analysis of passive films grown on stainless steel 316 in concrete pore model solutions

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