Closing the carbon balance for fermentation by Clostridium thermocellum (ATCC 27405)

Lucas D. Ellis; Evert K. Holwerda; David Hogsett; Steve Rogers; Xiongjun Shao; Timothy Tschaplinski; Phil Thorne; Lee R. Lynd

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.128

Closing the carbon balance for fermentation by Clostridium thermocellum (ATCC 27405)

Lucas D. Ellis, Evert K. Holwerda, David Hogsett, Steve Rogers, Xiongjun Shao, Timothy Tschaplinski, Phil Thorne, Lee R. Lynd

Biosciences Division

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

88 Scopus citations

Abstract

Our lab and most others have not been able to close a carbon balance for fermentation by the thermophilic, cellulolytic anaerobe, Clostridium thermocellum. We undertook a detailed accounting of product formation in C. thermocellum ATCC 27405. Elemental analysis revealed that for both cellulose (Avicel) and cellobiose, >92% of the substrate carbon utilized could be accounted for in the pellet, supernatant and off-gas when including sampling. However, 11.1% of the original substrate carbon was found in the liquid phase and not in the form of commonly-measured fermentation products - ethanol, acetate, lactate, and formate. Further detailed analysis revealed all the products to be <720. da and have not usually been associated with C. thermocellum fermentation, including malate, pyruvate, uracil, soluble glucans, and extracellular free amino acids. By accounting for these products, 92.9% and 93.2% of the final product carbon was identified during growth on cellobiose and Avicel, respectively.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	293-299
Number of pages	7
Journal	Bioresource Technology
Volume	103
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.128
State	Published - Jan 2012

Funding

The authors are grateful for the support provided by funding grants from the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a US Department of Energy (DOE) Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science and Mascoma Corporation. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by University of Tennessee UT-Battelle LLC for the Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. We thank Dr. Maria Pena and Dr. Will York at the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center for their help investigating high molecular weight compounds, Dr. Tommy Phelps at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Dr. Warren Kett for his advise with size exclusion chromatography.

Funders	Funder number
BioEnergy Science Center
DOE Office of Science and Mascoma Corporation
University of Tennessee UT-Battelle LLC
U.S. Department of Energy	DE-AC05-00OR22725
Biological and Environmental Research

Keywords

Carbon
Clostridium thermocellum
Consolidated bioprocessing
Mass balance

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10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.128

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abstract = "Our lab and most others have not been able to close a carbon balance for fermentation by the thermophilic, cellulolytic anaerobe, Clostridium thermocellum. We undertook a detailed accounting of product formation in C. thermocellum ATCC 27405. Elemental analysis revealed that for both cellulose (Avicel) and cellobiose, >92% of the substrate carbon utilized could be accounted for in the pellet, supernatant and off-gas when including sampling. However, 11.1% of the original substrate carbon was found in the liquid phase and not in the form of commonly-measured fermentation products - ethanol, acetate, lactate, and formate. Further detailed analysis revealed all the products to be <720. da and have not usually been associated with C. thermocellum fermentation, including malate, pyruvate, uracil, soluble glucans, and extracellular free amino acids. By accounting for these products, 92.9% and 93.2% of the final product carbon was identified during growth on cellobiose and Avicel, respectively.",

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Closing the carbon balance for fermentation by Clostridium thermocellum (ATCC 27405)

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Keywords

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