Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer

J. F. Ankner; R. Ashkar; J. F. Browning; T. R. Charlton; M. Doucet; C. E. Halbert; F. Islam; A. Karim; E. Kharlampieva; S. M. Kilbey; J. Y.Y. Lin; M. D. Phan; G. S. Smith; S. A. Sukhishvili; R. Thermer; G. M. Veith; E. B. Watkins; D. Wilson

doi:10.1063/5.0122279

Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer

J. F. Ankner, R. Ashkar, J. F. Browning, T. R. Charlton, M. Doucet, C. E. Halbert, F. Islam, A. Karim, E. Kharlampieva, S. M. Kilbey, J. Y.Y. Lin, M. D. Phan, G. S. Smith, S. A. Sukhishvili, R. Thermer, G. M. Veith, E. B. Watkins, D. Wilson

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6 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Quite Intense Kinetics Reflectometer (QIKR) will be a general-purpose, horizontal-sample-surface neutron reflectometer. Reflectometers measure the proportion of an incident probe beam reflected from a surface as a function of wavevector (momentum) transfer to infer the distribution and composition of matter near an interface. The unique scattering properties of neutrons make this technique especially useful in the study of soft matter, biomaterials, and materials used in energy storage. Exploiting the increased brilliance of the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station, QIKR will collect specular and off-specular reflectivity data faster than the best existing such machines. It will often be possible to collect complete specular reflectivity curves using a single instrument setting, enabling "cinematic"operation, wherein the user turns on the instrument and "films"the sample. Samples in time-dependent environments (e.g., temperature, electrochemical, or undergoing chemical alteration) will be observed in real time, in favorable cases with frame rates as fast as 1 Hz. Cinematic data acquisition promises to make time-dependent measurements routine, with time resolution specified during post-experiment data analysis. This capability will be deployed to observe such processes as in situ polymer diffusion, battery electrode charge-discharge cycles, hysteresis loops, and membrane protein insertion into lipid layers.

Original language	English
Article number	013302
Journal	Review of Scientific Instruments
Volume	94
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0122279
State	Published - Jan 1 2023

Funding

This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ). G.M.V. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy
Basic Energy Sciences
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering

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Ankner, J. F., Ashkar, R., Browning, J. F., Charlton, T. R., Doucet, M., Halbert, C. E., Islam, F., Karim, A., Kharlampieva, E., Kilbey, S. M., Lin, J. Y. Y., Phan, M. D., Smith, G. S., Sukhishvili, S. A., Thermer, R., Veith, G. M., Watkins, E. B., & Wilson, D. (2023). Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer. Review of Scientific Instruments, 94(1), Article 013302. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0122279

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title = "Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer",

abstract = "The Quite Intense Kinetics Reflectometer (QIKR) will be a general-purpose, horizontal-sample-surface neutron reflectometer. Reflectometers measure the proportion of an incident probe beam reflected from a surface as a function of wavevector (momentum) transfer to infer the distribution and composition of matter near an interface. The unique scattering properties of neutrons make this technique especially useful in the study of soft matter, biomaterials, and materials used in energy storage. Exploiting the increased brilliance of the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station, QIKR will collect specular and off-specular reflectivity data faster than the best existing such machines. It will often be possible to collect complete specular reflectivity curves using a single instrument setting, enabling {"}cinematic{"}operation, wherein the user turns on the instrument and {"}films{"}the sample. Samples in time-dependent environments (e.g., temperature, electrochemical, or undergoing chemical alteration) will be observed in real time, in favorable cases with frame rates as fast as 1 Hz. Cinematic data acquisition promises to make time-dependent measurements routine, with time resolution specified during post-experiment data analysis. This capability will be deployed to observe such processes as in situ polymer diffusion, battery electrode charge-discharge cycles, hysteresis loops, and membrane protein insertion into lipid layers.",

author = "Ankner, {J. F.} and R. Ashkar and Browning, {J. F.} and Charlton, {T. R.} and M. Doucet and Halbert, {C. E.} and F. Islam and A. Karim and E. Kharlampieva and Kilbey, {S. M.} and Lin, {J. Y.Y.} and Phan, {M. D.} and Smith, {G. S.} and Sukhishvili, {S. A.} and R. Thermer and Veith, {G. M.} and Watkins, {E. B.} and D. Wilson",

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year = "2023",

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Ankner, JF, Ashkar, R, Browning, JF , Charlton, TR , Doucet, M , Halbert, CE , Islam, F, Karim, A, Kharlampieva, E, Kilbey, SM, Lin, JYY, Phan, MD, Smith, GS, Sukhishvili, SA, Thermer, R, Veith, GM, Watkins, EB & Wilson, D 2023, 'Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer', Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 94, no. 1, 013302. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0122279

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T1 - Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer

AU - Ankner, J. F.

AU - Ashkar, R.

AU - Browning, J. F.

AU - Charlton, T. R.

AU - Doucet, M.

AU - Halbert, C. E.

AU - Islam, F.

AU - Karim, A.

AU - Kharlampieva, E.

AU - Kilbey, S. M.

AU - Lin, J. Y.Y.

AU - Phan, M. D.

AU - Smith, G. S.

AU - Sukhishvili, S. A.

AU - Thermer, R.

AU - Veith, G. M.

AU - Watkins, E. B.

AU - Wilson, D.

PY - 2023/1/1

Y1 - 2023/1/1

N2 - The Quite Intense Kinetics Reflectometer (QIKR) will be a general-purpose, horizontal-sample-surface neutron reflectometer. Reflectometers measure the proportion of an incident probe beam reflected from a surface as a function of wavevector (momentum) transfer to infer the distribution and composition of matter near an interface. The unique scattering properties of neutrons make this technique especially useful in the study of soft matter, biomaterials, and materials used in energy storage. Exploiting the increased brilliance of the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station, QIKR will collect specular and off-specular reflectivity data faster than the best existing such machines. It will often be possible to collect complete specular reflectivity curves using a single instrument setting, enabling "cinematic"operation, wherein the user turns on the instrument and "films"the sample. Samples in time-dependent environments (e.g., temperature, electrochemical, or undergoing chemical alteration) will be observed in real time, in favorable cases with frame rates as fast as 1 Hz. Cinematic data acquisition promises to make time-dependent measurements routine, with time resolution specified during post-experiment data analysis. This capability will be deployed to observe such processes as in situ polymer diffusion, battery electrode charge-discharge cycles, hysteresis loops, and membrane protein insertion into lipid layers.

AB - The Quite Intense Kinetics Reflectometer (QIKR) will be a general-purpose, horizontal-sample-surface neutron reflectometer. Reflectometers measure the proportion of an incident probe beam reflected from a surface as a function of wavevector (momentum) transfer to infer the distribution and composition of matter near an interface. The unique scattering properties of neutrons make this technique especially useful in the study of soft matter, biomaterials, and materials used in energy storage. Exploiting the increased brilliance of the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station, QIKR will collect specular and off-specular reflectivity data faster than the best existing such machines. It will often be possible to collect complete specular reflectivity curves using a single instrument setting, enabling "cinematic"operation, wherein the user turns on the instrument and "films"the sample. Samples in time-dependent environments (e.g., temperature, electrochemical, or undergoing chemical alteration) will be observed in real time, in favorable cases with frame rates as fast as 1 Hz. Cinematic data acquisition promises to make time-dependent measurements routine, with time resolution specified during post-experiment data analysis. This capability will be deployed to observe such processes as in situ polymer diffusion, battery electrode charge-discharge cycles, hysteresis loops, and membrane protein insertion into lipid layers.

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DO - 10.1063/5.0122279

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SN - 0034-6748

VL - 94

JO - Review of Scientific Instruments

JF - Review of Scientific Instruments

IS - 1

M1 - 013302

ER -

Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer

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