Characterization and qualification of neutron radiation effects – Summary of Japan-USA Joint Projects for 40 years –

T. Muroga; Y. Hatano; D. Clark; Y. Katoh

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153494

Characterization and qualification of neutron radiation effects – Summary of Japan-USA Joint Projects for 40 years –

T. Muroga, Y. Hatano, D. Clark, Y. Katoh

Materials Science and Technology Div

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Joint Projects under the Japan-USA Fusion Cooperation Program started in 1981 and has continued for more than 40 years. In the Joint Projects, although a wide range of fusion materials and engineering issues were covered, neutron radiation effects on fusion reactor materials have always been the major research emphases, and the neutron irradiation facilities in the US were jointly used by Japanese and US researchers. Japanese test facilities including neutron and charged particle irradiation facilities were complementarily used. The initial focus of the Joint Projects was on fundamental fusion neutron radiation effects and irradiation correlation. Systematic comparison of fission and fusion radiation effects in comparable damage levels and the effects of transmutation-induced helium were investigated. The collaboration was then focused on the effect of dynamic irradiation effects in variable conditions. In addition to the relatively fundamental studies, the Joint Projects contributed largely to development of candidate materials such as RAFM steels, vanadium alloys, SiC/SiC composites, and tungsten alloys, through a mechanism-oriented approach. The Joint Projects also covered issues specific to materials application to fusion blankets and plasma-facing components, including neutron radiation effects such as tritium retention and permeation of neutron-irradiated plasma-facing materials. Various irradiation technologies were developed and applied to the irradiation experiments, including those for in-situ testing. Considering that high energy neutron sources, such as A-FNS and IFMIF-DONES, now have high viability, the research supporting the neutron source programs is essential. The knowledge obtained through the Joint Projects is valuable and should be advanced for this purpose. To this end, it is of urgent necessity to launch an international scientific program accumulating knowledge of fusion neutron radiation effects, including their fundamental aspects.

Original language	English
Article number	153494
Journal	Journal of Nuclear Materials
Volume	560
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153494
State	Published - Mar 2022

Funding

This manuscript has been co-authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The publisher acknowledges the US government license to provide public access under the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ). The Joint Projects have been supported by many organizations and individuals. The organizations which are responsible for administration, budgeting, and coordination of the Joint Projects are US-DOE, Japan-MEXT, ORNL, NIFS, JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science), and others. The authors appreciate all the cooperation given to the Joint Projects from these organizations. Many people both from the US and Japan contributed to carry out the Joint Projects. Among them, the authors would like to show special thanks to the past and present Representatives and Program Coordinators of the Joint Projects; M. Cohen, D. Doran, T. Reuther, F. Garner, F. Wiffen, R. Jones, S. Berk, G. Nardella, S. Zinkle, D. Sze, P. Pappano, K. Kawamura, K. Sumita, A. Miyahara, S. Ishino, A. Kohyama, K. Abe, S. Tanaka, K. Okuno, Y. Ueda, and T. Yokomine. Special thanks also go to C. Namba for his long-term dedication to the Joint Projects

Funders	Funder number
US-DOE
U.S. Department of Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
National Institute for Fusion Science

Keywords

Irradiation correlation
Low activation materials
Neutron radiation effects
Transmutation

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153494

Cite this

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abstract = "The Joint Projects under the Japan-USA Fusion Cooperation Program started in 1981 and has continued for more than 40 years. In the Joint Projects, although a wide range of fusion materials and engineering issues were covered, neutron radiation effects on fusion reactor materials have always been the major research emphases, and the neutron irradiation facilities in the US were jointly used by Japanese and US researchers. Japanese test facilities including neutron and charged particle irradiation facilities were complementarily used. The initial focus of the Joint Projects was on fundamental fusion neutron radiation effects and irradiation correlation. Systematic comparison of fission and fusion radiation effects in comparable damage levels and the effects of transmutation-induced helium were investigated. The collaboration was then focused on the effect of dynamic irradiation effects in variable conditions. In addition to the relatively fundamental studies, the Joint Projects contributed largely to development of candidate materials such as RAFM steels, vanadium alloys, SiC/SiC composites, and tungsten alloys, through a mechanism-oriented approach. The Joint Projects also covered issues specific to materials application to fusion blankets and plasma-facing components, including neutron radiation effects such as tritium retention and permeation of neutron-irradiated plasma-facing materials. Various irradiation technologies were developed and applied to the irradiation experiments, including those for in-situ testing. Considering that high energy neutron sources, such as A-FNS and IFMIF-DONES, now have high viability, the research supporting the neutron source programs is essential. The knowledge obtained through the Joint Projects is valuable and should be advanced for this purpose. To this end, it is of urgent necessity to launch an international scientific program accumulating knowledge of fusion neutron radiation effects, including their fundamental aspects.",

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Characterization and qualification of neutron radiation effects – Summary of Japan-USA Joint Projects for 40 years –

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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