Candidate spin-liquid ground state in CsNdSe2 with an effective spin-1/2 triangular lattice

Jie Xing; Sai Mu; Eun Sang Choi; Rongying Jin

doi:10.1038/s43246-024-00483-7

Candidate spin-liquid ground state in CsNdSe₂ with an effective spin-1/2 triangular lattice

Jie Xing, Sai Mu, Eun Sang Choi, Rongying Jin

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3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Rare-earth-based triangular lattice materials are extremely attractive for studying unconventional magnetism. Here, we report the magnetic properties of layered CsNdSe₂ based on direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) susceptibility measurements down to 0.04 K. While the AC susceptibility at the zero DC field shows a broad hump below 0.5 K, there is no sign of any long-range magnetic ordering. Quantitative analysis of the DC magnetic susceptibility gives the negative Curie-Weiss (CW) temperature θ_CW < 0 in all directions, indicating antiferromagnetic interaction between Nd ions. Of particular interest is the low temperature magnetic susceptibility, which reflects the effective spin-1/2 state with θ_cw^a/θ_cw^c > 3. The estimated exchange interactions are J_a/k_B= 1.42 K (in-plane) and J_c/k_B= 0.44 K (out-of-plane), pointing to the anisotropic magnetism. First-principles calculations that include spin-orbit coupling and Coulomb correlations reveal multiple states with zero net magnetization for CsNdSe₂. Both experiment and simulation strongly suggest CsNdSe₂ has the spin liquid ground state with effective spin-1/2. Application of a magnetic field can induce long-range antiferromagnetic ordering with the maximum transition temperature around 0.3 K, in further support of the zero-field spin liquid state.

Original language	English
Article number	45
Journal	Communications Materials
Volume	5
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-024-00483-7
State	Published - Dec 2024
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We thank Daniel Duong for his assistance in characterizing crystals. This material is based upon work partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-SC0024501. Work performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory is supported by National Science Foundation Cooperative agreement No. DMR-1644779 and the state of Florida. Sai Mu would like to acknowledge the Research Computing time under the Division of Information Technology at the University of South Carolina.

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title = "Candidate spin-liquid ground state in CsNdSe2 with an effective spin-1/2 triangular lattice",

abstract = "Rare-earth-based triangular lattice materials are extremely attractive for studying unconventional magnetism. Here, we report the magnetic properties of layered CsNdSe2 based on direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) susceptibility measurements down to 0.04 K. While the AC susceptibility at the zero DC field shows a broad hump below 0.5 K, there is no sign of any long-range magnetic ordering. Quantitative analysis of the DC magnetic susceptibility gives the negative Curie-Weiss (CW) temperature θCW < 0 in all directions, indicating antiferromagnetic interaction between Nd ions. Of particular interest is the low temperature magnetic susceptibility, which reflects the effective spin-1/2 state with θcwa/θcwc > 3. The estimated exchange interactions are Ja/kB= 1.42 K (in-plane) and Jc/kB= 0.44 K (out-of-plane), pointing to the anisotropic magnetism. First-principles calculations that include spin-orbit coupling and Coulomb correlations reveal multiple states with zero net magnetization for CsNdSe2. Both experiment and simulation strongly suggest CsNdSe2 has the spin liquid ground state with effective spin-1/2. Application of a magnetic field can induce long-range antiferromagnetic ordering with the maximum transition temperature around 0.3 K, in further support of the zero-field spin liquid state.",

author = "Jie Xing and Sai Mu and Choi, {Eun Sang} and Rongying Jin",

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year = "2024",

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doi = "10.1038/s43246-024-00483-7",

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AU - Xing, Jie

AU - Mu, Sai

AU - Choi, Eun Sang

AU - Jin, Rongying

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - Rare-earth-based triangular lattice materials are extremely attractive for studying unconventional magnetism. Here, we report the magnetic properties of layered CsNdSe2 based on direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) susceptibility measurements down to 0.04 K. While the AC susceptibility at the zero DC field shows a broad hump below 0.5 K, there is no sign of any long-range magnetic ordering. Quantitative analysis of the DC magnetic susceptibility gives the negative Curie-Weiss (CW) temperature θCW < 0 in all directions, indicating antiferromagnetic interaction between Nd ions. Of particular interest is the low temperature magnetic susceptibility, which reflects the effective spin-1/2 state with θcwa/θcwc > 3. The estimated exchange interactions are Ja/kB= 1.42 K (in-plane) and Jc/kB= 0.44 K (out-of-plane), pointing to the anisotropic magnetism. First-principles calculations that include spin-orbit coupling and Coulomb correlations reveal multiple states with zero net magnetization for CsNdSe2. Both experiment and simulation strongly suggest CsNdSe2 has the spin liquid ground state with effective spin-1/2. Application of a magnetic field can induce long-range antiferromagnetic ordering with the maximum transition temperature around 0.3 K, in further support of the zero-field spin liquid state.

AB - Rare-earth-based triangular lattice materials are extremely attractive for studying unconventional magnetism. Here, we report the magnetic properties of layered CsNdSe2 based on direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) susceptibility measurements down to 0.04 K. While the AC susceptibility at the zero DC field shows a broad hump below 0.5 K, there is no sign of any long-range magnetic ordering. Quantitative analysis of the DC magnetic susceptibility gives the negative Curie-Weiss (CW) temperature θCW < 0 in all directions, indicating antiferromagnetic interaction between Nd ions. Of particular interest is the low temperature magnetic susceptibility, which reflects the effective spin-1/2 state with θcwa/θcwc > 3. The estimated exchange interactions are Ja/kB= 1.42 K (in-plane) and Jc/kB= 0.44 K (out-of-plane), pointing to the anisotropic magnetism. First-principles calculations that include spin-orbit coupling and Coulomb correlations reveal multiple states with zero net magnetization for CsNdSe2. Both experiment and simulation strongly suggest CsNdSe2 has the spin liquid ground state with effective spin-1/2. Application of a magnetic field can induce long-range antiferromagnetic ordering with the maximum transition temperature around 0.3 K, in further support of the zero-field spin liquid state.

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Candidate spin-liquid ground state in CsNdSe₂ with an effective spin-1/2 triangular lattice

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