Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types

A. Carnero Rosell; B. Santiago; M. Dal Ponte; B. Burningham; L. N. Da Costa; D. J. James; J. L. Marshall; R. G. McMahon; K. Bechtol; L. De Paris; T. Li; A. Pieres; J. García-Bellido; T. M.C. Abbott; J. Annis; S. Avila; G. M. Bernstein; D. Brooks; D. L. Burke; M. Carrasco Kind; J. Carretero; J. De Vicente; A. Drlica-Wagner; P. Fosalba; J. Frieman; E. Gaztanaga; R. A. Gruendl; J. Gschwend; G. Gutierrez; D. L. Hollowood; M. A.G. Maia; F. Menanteau; R. Miquel; A. A. Plazas; A. Roodman; E. Sanchez; V. Scarpine; R. Schindler; S. Serrano; I. Sevilla-Noarbe; M. Smith; F. Sobreira; M. Soares-Santos; E. Suchyta; M. E.C. Swanson; G. Tarle; V. Vikram; A. R. Walker

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2398

Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types

A. Carnero Rosell, B. Santiago, M. Dal Ponte, B. Burningham, L. N. Da Costa, D. J. James, J. L. Marshall, R. G. McMahon, K. Bechtol, L. De Paris, T. Li, A. Pieres, J. García-Bellido, T. M.C. Abbott, J. Annis, S. Avila, G. M. Bernstein, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, M. Carrasco KindJ. Carretero, J. De Vicente, A. Drlica-Wagner, P. Fosalba, J. Frieman, E. Gaztanaga, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, D. L. Hollowood, M. A.G. Maia, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, A. A. Plazas, A. Roodman, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, R. Schindler, S. Serrano, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, F. Sobreira, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. E.C. Swanson, G. Tarle, V. Vikram, A. R. Walker

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Abstract

In this paper we present a catalogue of 11 745 brown dwarfs with spectral types ranging from L0 to T9, photometrically classified using data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) year 3 release matched to the Vista Hemisphere Survey (VHS) DR3 and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data, covering ≈2400 deg² up to i_AB = 22. The classification method follows the same phototype method previously applied to SDSS-UKIDSS-WISE data. The most significant difference comes from the use of DES data instead of SDSS, which allow us to classify almost an order of magnitude more brown dwarfs than any previous search and reaching distances beyond 400 pc for the earliest types. Next, we also present and validate the GalmodBD simulation, which produces brown dwarf number counts as a function of structural parameters with realistic photometric properties of a given survey. We use this simulation to estimate the completeness and purity of our photometric LT catalogue down to i_AB = 22, as well as to compare to the observed number of LT types. We put constraints on the thin disc scale height for the early L (L0–L3) population to be around 450 pc, in agreement with previous findings. For completeness, we also publish in a separate table a catalogue of 20 863 M dwarfs that passed our colour cut with spectral types greater than M6. Both the LT and the late M catalogues are found at DES release page https://des.ncsa.Illinois.edu/releases/other/y3-mlt.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	5301-5325
Number of pages	25
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	489
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2398
State	Published - Nov 11 2019

Funding

The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union\u2019s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAAS-TRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00EAncia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundac\u00B8\u00E3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00E0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00EDfico e Tecnol\u00F3gico and the Minist\u00E9rio da Ci\u00EAncia, Tecnologia e Inovac\u00B8\u00E3o, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, and NEOWISE, which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. WISE and NEOWISE are funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. ACR acknowledges financial support provided by the PAPDRJ CAPES/FAPERJ Fellowship and by \u2018Unidad de Excelencia Mar\u00EDa de Maeztu de CIEMAT \u2013 F\u00EDsica de Part\u00EDculas (Proyecto MDM)\u2019.

Keywords

Brown dwarfs
Catalogues
Galaxy: fundamental parameters
Infrared: stars
Surveys
Techniques: photometric

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10.1093/mnras/stz2398

Cite this

Rosell, A. C., Santiago, B., Dal Ponte, M., Burningham, B., Da Costa, L. N., James, D. J., Marshall, J. L., McMahon, R. G., Bechtol, K., De Paris, L., Li, T., Pieres, A., García-Bellido, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bernstein, G. M., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., ... Walker, A. R. (2019). Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 489(4), 5301-5325. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2398

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title = "Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types",

abstract = "In this paper we present a catalogue of 11 745 brown dwarfs with spectral types ranging from L0 to T9, photometrically classified using data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) year 3 release matched to the Vista Hemisphere Survey (VHS) DR3 and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data, covering ≈2400 deg2 up to iAB = 22. The classification method follows the same phototype method previously applied to SDSS-UKIDSS-WISE data. The most significant difference comes from the use of DES data instead of SDSS, which allow us to classify almost an order of magnitude more brown dwarfs than any previous search and reaching distances beyond 400 pc for the earliest types. Next, we also present and validate the GalmodBD simulation, which produces brown dwarf number counts as a function of structural parameters with realistic photometric properties of a given survey. We use this simulation to estimate the completeness and purity of our photometric LT catalogue down to iAB = 22, as well as to compare to the observed number of LT types. We put constraints on the thin disc scale height for the early L (L0–L3) population to be around 450 pc, in agreement with previous findings. For completeness, we also publish in a separate table a catalogue of 20 863 M dwarfs that passed our colour cut with spectral types greater than M6. Both the LT and the late M catalogues are found at DES release page https://des.ncsa.Illinois.edu/releases/other/y3-mlt.",

keywords = "Brown dwarfs, Catalogues, Galaxy: fundamental parameters, Infrared: stars, Surveys, Techniques: photometric",

author = "Rosell, {A. Carnero} and B. Santiago and {Dal Ponte}, M. and B. Burningham and {Da Costa}, {L. N.} and James, {D. J.} and Marshall, {J. L.} and McMahon, {R. G.} and K. Bechtol and {De Paris}, L. and T. Li and A. Pieres and J. Garc{\'i}a-Bellido and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and J. Annis and S. Avila and Bernstein, {G. M.} and D. Brooks and Burke, {D. L.} and Kind, {M. Carrasco} and J. Carretero and {De Vicente}, J. and A. Drlica-Wagner and P. Fosalba and J. Frieman and E. Gaztanaga and Gruendl, {R. A.} and J. Gschwend and G. Gutierrez and Hollowood, {D. L.} and Maia, {M. A.G.} and F. Menanteau and R. Miquel and Plazas, {A. A.} and A. Roodman and E. Sanchez and V. Scarpine and R. Schindler and S. Serrano and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Smith and F. Sobreira and M. Soares-Santos and E. Suchyta and Swanson, {M. E.C.} and G. Tarle and V. Vikram and Walker, {A. R.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.",

year = "2019",

month = nov,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stz2398",

language = "English",

volume = "489",

pages = "5301--5325",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

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Rosell, AC, Santiago, B, Dal Ponte, M, Burningham, B, Da Costa, LN, James, DJ, Marshall, JL, McMahon, RG, Bechtol, K, De Paris, L, Li, T, Pieres, A, García-Bellido, J, Abbott, TMC, Annis, J, Avila, S, Bernstein, GM, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Kind, MC, Carretero, J, De Vicente, J, Drlica-Wagner, A, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hollowood, DL, Maia, MAG, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Plazas, AA, Roodman, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Sobreira, F, Soares-Santos, M, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, Vikram, V & Walker, AR 2019, 'Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 489, no. 4, pp. 5301-5325. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2398

TY - JOUR

T1 - Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types

AU - Rosell, A. Carnero

AU - Santiago, B.

AU - Dal Ponte, M.

AU - Burningham, B.

AU - Da Costa, L. N.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Marshall, J. L.

AU - McMahon, R. G.

AU - Bechtol, K.

AU - De Paris, L.

AU - Li, T.

AU - Pieres, A.

AU - García-Bellido, J.

AU - Abbott, T. M.C.

AU - Annis, J.

AU - Avila, S.

AU - Bernstein, G. M.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Kind, M. Carrasco

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - De Vicente, J.

AU - Drlica-Wagner, A.

AU - Fosalba, P.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Gschwend, J.

AU - Gutierrez, G.

AU - Hollowood, D. L.

AU - Maia, M. A.G.

AU - Menanteau, F.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Plazas, A. A.

AU - Roodman, A.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Scarpine, V.

AU - Schindler, R.

AU - Serrano, S.

AU - Sevilla-Noarbe, I.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Sobreira, F.

AU - Soares-Santos, M.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Swanson, M. E.C.

AU - Tarle, G.

AU - Vikram, V.

AU - Walker, A. R.

PY - 2019/11/11

Y1 - 2019/11/11

N2 - In this paper we present a catalogue of 11 745 brown dwarfs with spectral types ranging from L0 to T9, photometrically classified using data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) year 3 release matched to the Vista Hemisphere Survey (VHS) DR3 and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data, covering ≈2400 deg2 up to iAB = 22. The classification method follows the same phototype method previously applied to SDSS-UKIDSS-WISE data. The most significant difference comes from the use of DES data instead of SDSS, which allow us to classify almost an order of magnitude more brown dwarfs than any previous search and reaching distances beyond 400 pc for the earliest types. Next, we also present and validate the GalmodBD simulation, which produces brown dwarf number counts as a function of structural parameters with realistic photometric properties of a given survey. We use this simulation to estimate the completeness and purity of our photometric LT catalogue down to iAB = 22, as well as to compare to the observed number of LT types. We put constraints on the thin disc scale height for the early L (L0–L3) population to be around 450 pc, in agreement with previous findings. For completeness, we also publish in a separate table a catalogue of 20 863 M dwarfs that passed our colour cut with spectral types greater than M6. Both the LT and the late M catalogues are found at DES release page https://des.ncsa.Illinois.edu/releases/other/y3-mlt.

AB - In this paper we present a catalogue of 11 745 brown dwarfs with spectral types ranging from L0 to T9, photometrically classified using data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) year 3 release matched to the Vista Hemisphere Survey (VHS) DR3 and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data, covering ≈2400 deg2 up to iAB = 22. The classification method follows the same phototype method previously applied to SDSS-UKIDSS-WISE data. The most significant difference comes from the use of DES data instead of SDSS, which allow us to classify almost an order of magnitude more brown dwarfs than any previous search and reaching distances beyond 400 pc for the earliest types. Next, we also present and validate the GalmodBD simulation, which produces brown dwarf number counts as a function of structural parameters with realistic photometric properties of a given survey. We use this simulation to estimate the completeness and purity of our photometric LT catalogue down to iAB = 22, as well as to compare to the observed number of LT types. We put constraints on the thin disc scale height for the early L (L0–L3) population to be around 450 pc, in agreement with previous findings. For completeness, we also publish in a separate table a catalogue of 20 863 M dwarfs that passed our colour cut with spectral types greater than M6. Both the LT and the late M catalogues are found at DES release page https://des.ncsa.Illinois.edu/releases/other/y3-mlt.

KW - Brown dwarfs

KW - Catalogues

KW - Galaxy: fundamental parameters

KW - Infrared: stars

KW - Surveys

KW - Techniques: photometric

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U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stz2398

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stz2398

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85073232121

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 489

SP - 5301

EP - 5325

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 4

ER -

Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types

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