Benchmarking of AM-CM system capabilities to make parts with amorphous and semicrystalline composites

In this study, we investigated how different types of polymer matrix composites (PMCs), specifically amorphous and semi-crystalline materials, performed in the Additive Manufacturing-Compression Molding (AM-CM) process. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), we determine their glass transition temperature (Tg), and crystallization degree. Additionally, An IR camera was used to capture the cooling temperature profile of each PMCs, which were printed on 18 x 12-inch mold to determine cooling profile. Amorphous composites were found to be well-suited for the AM-CM process due to their broad processing window, characterized by a substantial temperature difference between their Tg and printing temperature. This characteristic ensures that the material remains sufficiently pliable during the compression molding stage, facilitating efficient consolidation. In contrast, semi-crystalline materials, especially the high-temperature PMCs, posed challenges due to rapid crystallization. However, certain semi-crystalline composites such as PP/GF, showed promise by retaining heat longer. These findings can pave the way for optimizing the AM-CM system set up to achieve heat retention during the printing stage.