Assessment of Water Quality During 2018-2022 in the Vam Co River Basin, Vietnam

N. T. Phong, P. T. Vinh, N. D. Luan, P. H. Dung, A. H. Tanim, A. S. Gagnon, W. Lohpaisankrit, P. T. Hoa, P. N. Truong, N. D. Vuong

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Water pollution in the Vam Co River basin is becoming more complicated due to untreated wastewater being directly discharged into rivers and canals from agricultural, industrial, and domestic activities. To assess the water quality in this area, this study conducted monitoring at ten sampling locations (S1-S10) from 2018 to 2022, calculated the Water Quality Index (WQI) for each parameter, and simulated water quality in 2022 using the 1D- MIKE 11 model developed by DHI with two main modules including HD and AD. The findings showed that most parameters did not surpass the allowable limits per QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT on Vietnam National Technical Regulation on Surface Water Quality. However, organic and microbial pollution led to certain parameters, such as BOD5, COD, and Coliform, exceeding the limits. The lowest water quality was recorded in Long An province, especially at sampling locations S3, S4, and S6, with the average WQI for nine water quality parameters from February to July 2022 being 58.4, 67.8, and 21.1, respectively. Additionally, the simulation outcomes of the MIKE 11 model salinity, BOD5, DO, and NH4 aligned with the real measurements taken. It has been observed that the southern area of the Vam Co River Basin possesses poorer water quality than the northern part, with Long An province located downstream of the Vam Co River basin being the primary source of pollution. The development of this hydraulic model signifies a crucial milestone in comprehending and regulating the effects of pollution in monitoring and managing water management systems, controlling saline intrusion, and ensuring water supply for agricultural production and daily use in the Vam Co River basin.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1747-1763
Number of pages17
JournalNature Environment and Pollution Technology
Volume22
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2023
Externally publishedYes

Funding

The research is part of the Ministerial project titled “Monitoring and forecasting water quality in the irrigation system of the area between the two Vam Co rivers, serving agricultural production water supply,” conducted by the Southern Institute of Water Resources Research (SIWRR). The authors would like to thank the financial support of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and the General Department of Water Resources for the implementation of this project.

Keywords

  • MIKE 11 model Vam Co River basin Water quality
  • Water pollution

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