Aspects of steady-state operation of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

J. Geiger, R. C. Wolf, C. Beidler, A. Cardella, E. Chlechowitz, V. Erckmann, G. Gantenbein, D. Hathiramani, M. Hirsch, W. Kasparek, J. Kißlinger, R. König, P. Kornejew, H. P. Laqua, C. Lechte, J. Lore, A. Lumsdaine, H. Maaßberg, N. B. Marushchenko, G. MichelM. Otte, A. Peacock, T. Sunn Pedersen, M. Thumm, Y. Turkin, A. Werner, D. Zhang

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27 Scopus citations

Abstract

The objective of Wendelstein 7-X is to demonstrate steady-state operation at β -values of up to 5%, at ion temperatures of several keV and plasma densities of up to 2 × 1020 m-3. The second operational phase foresees a fully steady-state high heat flux (HHF) divertor. Preparations are underway to cope with residual bootstrap currents, either by electron cyclotron current drive or by HHF protection elements. The main steady-state heating system is an electron cyclotron resonance heating facility. Various technical improvements of the gyrotrons have been implemented recently. They enable a reliable operation at the 1 MW power level. Some of the technical issues preparing plasma diagnostics for steady-state operation are exemplified. This includes the protection against non-absorbed microwave radiation.

Original languageEnglish
Article number014006
JournalPlasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Volume55
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2013

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