Analyzing carbon fiber structures observed by helium ion microscopy and their mechanical properties

Xinzhang Zhou; Alex Belianinov; Amit K. Naskar

doi:10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100055

Analyzing carbon fiber structures observed by helium ion microscopy and their mechanical properties

Xinzhang Zhou, Alex Belianinov, Amit K. Naskar

Carbon and Composites

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this work we present images of carbon fiber fractured surfaces observed for the first time by Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) at high magnifications, aiming to capture defects ranging in size between 10 nm and 100 nm. Nominal critical defect sizes of various commercial carbon fibers were calculated from the Griffith Equation and their critical defect size distributions were calculated from their Weibull strength distributions. HIM images of the carbon fibers with the standard modulus (~230 GPa), intermediate modulus (~280 GPa), high modulus (>350 GPa) and ultra-high strength (>6.8 GPa) are shown to have contrasting microstructures. Some of the three dimensional (3D) structural features, like crystalline sheets, flakes, and sets of amorphous material, have not been previously captured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, a representative intermediate modulus carbon fiber was mechanically tested by the single filament test method and its strength characteristics were corelated to structural features observed by HIM. HIM imaging offers a new, reproducible, and feasible technique to analyze the original 3D nanostructures of carbon fibers.

Original language	English
Journal	Carbon Trends
Volume	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100055
State	Published - Jul 2021

Funding

This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Director's Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy. HIM imaging (A.B.) was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Director's Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy. HIM imaging (A.B.) was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
UT-Battelle

Keywords

Carbon fibers
Fractured surfaces
Helium ion microscopy
Single filament tensile test

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10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100055

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title = "Analyzing carbon fiber structures observed by helium ion microscopy and their mechanical properties",

abstract = "In this work we present images of carbon fiber fractured surfaces observed for the first time by Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) at high magnifications, aiming to capture defects ranging in size between 10 nm and 100 nm. Nominal critical defect sizes of various commercial carbon fibers were calculated from the Griffith Equation and their critical defect size distributions were calculated from their Weibull strength distributions. HIM images of the carbon fibers with the standard modulus (~230 GPa), intermediate modulus (~280 GPa), high modulus (>350 GPa) and ultra-high strength (>6.8 GPa) are shown to have contrasting microstructures. Some of the three dimensional (3D) structural features, like crystalline sheets, flakes, and sets of amorphous material, have not been previously captured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, a representative intermediate modulus carbon fiber was mechanically tested by the single filament test method and its strength characteristics were corelated to structural features observed by HIM. HIM imaging offers a new, reproducible, and feasible technique to analyze the original 3D nanostructures of carbon fibers.",

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T1 - Analyzing carbon fiber structures observed by helium ion microscopy and their mechanical properties

AU - Zhou, Xinzhang

AU - Belianinov, Alex

AU - Naskar, Amit K.

PY - 2021/7

Y1 - 2021/7

N2 - In this work we present images of carbon fiber fractured surfaces observed for the first time by Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) at high magnifications, aiming to capture defects ranging in size between 10 nm and 100 nm. Nominal critical defect sizes of various commercial carbon fibers were calculated from the Griffith Equation and their critical defect size distributions were calculated from their Weibull strength distributions. HIM images of the carbon fibers with the standard modulus (~230 GPa), intermediate modulus (~280 GPa), high modulus (>350 GPa) and ultra-high strength (>6.8 GPa) are shown to have contrasting microstructures. Some of the three dimensional (3D) structural features, like crystalline sheets, flakes, and sets of amorphous material, have not been previously captured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, a representative intermediate modulus carbon fiber was mechanically tested by the single filament test method and its strength characteristics were corelated to structural features observed by HIM. HIM imaging offers a new, reproducible, and feasible technique to analyze the original 3D nanostructures of carbon fibers.

AB - In this work we present images of carbon fiber fractured surfaces observed for the first time by Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) at high magnifications, aiming to capture defects ranging in size between 10 nm and 100 nm. Nominal critical defect sizes of various commercial carbon fibers were calculated from the Griffith Equation and their critical defect size distributions were calculated from their Weibull strength distributions. HIM images of the carbon fibers with the standard modulus (~230 GPa), intermediate modulus (~280 GPa), high modulus (>350 GPa) and ultra-high strength (>6.8 GPa) are shown to have contrasting microstructures. Some of the three dimensional (3D) structural features, like crystalline sheets, flakes, and sets of amorphous material, have not been previously captured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, a representative intermediate modulus carbon fiber was mechanically tested by the single filament test method and its strength characteristics were corelated to structural features observed by HIM. HIM imaging offers a new, reproducible, and feasible technique to analyze the original 3D nanostructures of carbon fibers.

KW - Carbon fibers

KW - Fractured surfaces

KW - Helium ion microscopy

KW - Single filament tensile test

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SN - 2667-0569

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JO - Carbon Trends

JF - Carbon Trends

ER -

Analyzing carbon fiber structures observed by helium ion microscopy and their mechanical properties

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Keywords

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