Abstract
This Review summarizes a range of analytical techniques that can be used to detect, quantify, and/or distinguish between isotopes of iodine (e.g., long-lived 129I, short-lived 131I, stable 127I). One reason this is of interest is that understanding potential radioiodine release from nuclear processes is crucial to prevent environmental contamination and to protect human health as it can incorporate into the thyroid leading to cancer. It is also of interest for evaluating iodine retention performances of next-generation iodine off-gas capture materials and long-term waste forms for immobilizing radioiodine for disposal in geologic repositories. Depending upon the form of iodine (e.g., molecules, elemental, and ionic) and the matter state (i.e., solid, liquid, and gaseous), the available options can vary. In addition, several other key parameters vary between the methods discussed herein, including the destructive vs nondestructive nature of the measurement process (including in situ vs ex situ measurement options), the analytical data collection times, and the amount of sample required for analysis.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 080701 |
| Journal | AIP Advances |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Aug 1 2024 |
Funding
PNNL and ORNL contributions were funded through the United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy\u2019s (DOE-NE) Material Recovery and Waste Form Development Campaign under the Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain (NFCSC) Program. J.S.M. acknowledges support by the U.S. Department of Energy under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC01-06EW07053 entitled \u2018The Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation III\u2019 awarded to Vanderbilt University, David S. Kosson, principal investigator. Authors are thankful to many people that helped with this paper that are not listed as co-authors to guide and provide insights in various areas, including Mark Engelhard (PNNL) for guidance on the XPS section, Heather Colburn (PNNL) for document reviews, Sheila Riley for help with editing, and Miroslava Peterson (PNNL) for help with initial planning. This manuscript has been authored in part by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The U.S. government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).