Abstract
Cathodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) significantly impact the environmental footprint, cost, and energy performance of the battery-pack. Hence, sustainable production of Li-ion battery cathodes is critically required for ensuring cost-effectiveness, environmental benignity, consumer friendliness, and social justice. Battery chemistry largely determines individual cell performance as well as the battery pack cost and life cycle greenhouse gas emission. Continuous manufacturing platforms improve production efficiency in terms of product yield, quality and cost. Spent-battery recycling ensures the circular economy of critical elements that are required for cathode production. Innovations in fast-charging LIBs are particularly promising for sustainable e-mobility with a reduced carbon footprint. This article provides an overview of these research directions, emphasizing strategies for low-cobalt cathode development, recycling processes, continuous production and improvement in fast-charging capability.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 724-738 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Sustainable Energy and Fuels |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 10 2024 |
Funding
This material is based upon work supported by Virginia Commonwealth University, National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMMI-1940948 and government support under contract number DE-EE0009110 awarded by the Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Office (AMMTO) of the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under the US department of energy. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DEAC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (https://www.energy.gov/doe-public-access-plan).