Abstract
An integrated finite element-based modeling framework is developed to predict the hole expansion ratio (HER) of AA6111-T4 sheet by considering the piercing-induced damages around the hole edge. Using damage models and parameters calibrated from previously reported tensile stretchability studies, the predicted HER correlates well with experimentally measured HER values for different hole piercing clearances. The hole piercing model shows burrs are not generated on the sheared surface for clearances less than 20%, which corresponds well with the experimental data on pierced holes cross-sections. Finite-element-calculated HER also is not especially sensitive to piercing clearances less than this value. However, as clearances increase to 30% and further to 40%, the HER values are predicted to be considerably smaller, also consistent with experimental measurements. Upon validation, the integrated modeling framework is used to examine the effects of different hole piercing and hole expansion conditions on the critical HERs for AA6111-T4.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1-13 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Finite Elements in Analysis and Design |
Volume | 109 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 1 2016 |
Externally published | Yes |
Funding
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was partially funded by the DOE’s Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies under the Automotive Lightweighting Materials Program managed by Mr. William Joost. The authors would like to thank Nan Wang at Oakland University, who provided the cross-section pictures of hole-pierced samples. The authors also would like to thank Yevgeniya Katykova and Amir Hassannejadasl for providing the results of accumulated rolling and tension tests.
Funders | Funder number |
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Office of FreedomCar | |
U.S. Department of Energy | DE-AC05-76RL01830 |
Keywords
- Aluminum alloys
- Finite element simulations
- Hole expansion ratio
- Hole piercing