All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations

R. Abbasi; Y. Abdou; T. Abu-Zayyad; M. Ackermann; J. Adams; J. A. Aguilar; M. Ahlers; D. Altmann; K. Andeen; J. Auffenberg; X. Bai; M. Baker; S. W. Barwick; V. Baum; R. Bay; J. L. Bazo Alba; K. Beattie; J. J. Beatty; S. Bechet; J. K. Becker; K. H. Becker; M. Bell; M. L. Benabderrahmane; S. Benzvi; J. Berdermann; P. Berghaus; D. Berley; E. Bernardini; D. Bertrand; D. Z. Besson; D. Bindig; M. Bissok; E. Blaufuss; J. Blumenthal; D. J. Boersma; C. Bohm; D. Bose; S. Böser; O. Botner; L. Brayeur; A. M. Brown; S. Buitink; K. S. Caballero-Mora; M. Carson; M. Casier; D. Chirkin; B. Christy; F. Clevermann; S. Cohen; D. F. Cowen; A. H. Cruz Silva; M. V. D'Agostino; M. Danninger; J. Daughhetee; J. C. Davis; C. De Clercq; T. Degner; F. Descamps; P. Desiati; G. De Vries-Uiterweerd; T. Deyoung; J. C. Díaz-Vélez; J. Dreyer; J. P. Dumm; M. Dunkman; J. Eisch; R. W. Ellsworth; O. Engdegård; S. Euler; P. A. Evenson; O. Fadiran; A. R. Fazely; A. Fedynitch; J. Feintzeig; T. Feusels; K. Filimonov; C. Finley; T. Fischer-Wasels; S. Flis; A. Franckowiak; R. Franke; T. K. Gaisser; J. Gallagher; L. Gerhardt; L. Gladstone; T. Glüsenkamp; A. Goldschmidt; J. A. Goodman; D. Góra; D. Grant; A. Groß; S. Grullon; M. Gurtner; C. Ha; A. Haj Ismail; A. Hallgren; F. Halzen; K. Han; K. Hanson; D. Heereman; P. Heimann; D. Heinen; K. Helbing; R. Hellauer; S. Hickford; G. C. Hill; K. D. Hoffman; B. Hoffmann; A. Homeier; K. Hoshina; W. Huelsnitz; P. O. Hulth; K. Hultqvist; S. Hussain; A. Ishihara; E. Jacobi; J. Jacobsen; G. S. Japaridze; H. Johansson; A. Kappes; T. Karg; A. Karle; J. Kiryluk; F. Kislat; S. R. Klein; S. Klepser; J. H. Köhne; G. Kohnen; H. Kolanoski; L. Köpke; S. Kopper; D. J. Koskinen; M. Kowalski; M. Krasberg; G. Kroll; J. Kunnen; N. Kurahashi; T. Kuwabara; M. Labare; K. Laihem; H. Landsman; M. J. Larson; R. Lauer; J. Lünemann; J. Madsen; R. Maruyama; K. Mase; H. S. Matis; K. Meagher; M. Merck; P. Mészáros; T. Meures; S. Miarecki; E. Middell; N. Milke; J. Miller; T. Montaruli; R. Morse; S. M. Movit; R. Nahnhauer; J. W. Nam; U. Naumann; S. C. Nowicki; D. R. Nygren; S. Odrowski; A. Olivas; M. Olivo; A. O'Murchadha; S. Panknin; L. Paul; C. Pérez De Los Heros; D. Pieloth; J. Posselt; P. B. Price; G. T. Przybylski; K. Rawlins; P. Redl; E. Resconi; W. Rhode; M. Ribordy; M. Richman; B. Riedel; J. P. Rodrigues; F. Rothmaier; C. Rott; T. Ruhe; D. Rutledge; B. Ruzybayev; D. Ryckbosch; H. G. Sander; M. Santander; S. Sarkar; K. Schatto; M. Scheel; T. Schmidt; S. Schöneberg; A. Schönwald; A. Schukraft; L. Schulte; A. Schultes; O. Schulz; M. Schunck; D. Seckel; B. Semburg; S. H. Seo; Y. Sestayo; S. Seunarine; A. Silvestri; M. W.E. Smith; G. M. Spiczak; C. Spiering; M. Stamatikos; T. Stanev; T. Stezelberger; R. G. Stokstad; A. Stößl; E. A. Strahler; R. Ström; M. Stüer; G. W. Sullivan; H. Taavola; I. Taboada; A. Tamburro; S. Ter-Antonyan; S. Tilav; P. A. Toale; S. Toscano; D. Tosi; N. Van Eijndhoven; A. Van Overloop; J. Van Santen; M. Vehring; M. Voge; C. Walck; T. Waldenmaier; M. Wallraff; M. Walter; R. Wasserman; Ch Weaver; C. Wendt; S. Westerhoff; N. Whitehorn; K. Wiebe; C. H. Wiebusch; D. R. Williams; R. Wischnewski; H. Wissing; M. Wolf; T. R. Wood; K. Woschnagg; C. Xu; D. L. Xu; X. W. Xu; J. P. Yanez; G. Yodh; S. Yoshida; P. Zarzhitsky; M. Zoll

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016

All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations

R. Abbasi, Y. Abdou, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, D. Altmann, K. Andeen, J. Auffenberg, X. Bai, M. Baker, S. W. Barwick, V. Baum, R. Bay, J. L. Bazo Alba, K. Beattie, J. J. Beatty, S. Bechet, J. K. BeckerK. H. Becker, M. Bell, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. Benzvi, J. Berdermann, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Bertrand, D. Z. Besson, D. Bindig, M. Bissok, E. Blaufuss, J. Blumenthal, D. J. Boersma, C. Bohm, D. Bose, S. Böser, O. Botner, L. Brayeur, A. M. Brown, S. Buitink, K. S. Caballero-Mora, M. Carson, M. Casier, D. Chirkin, B. Christy, F. Clevermann, S. Cohen, D. F. Cowen, A. H. Cruz Silva, M. V. D'Agostino, M. Danninger, J. Daughhetee, J. C. Davis, C. De Clercq, T. Degner, F. Descamps, P. Desiati, G. De Vries-Uiterweerd, T. Deyoung, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, J. Dreyer, J. P. Dumm, M. Dunkman, J. Eisch, R. W. Ellsworth, O. Engdegård, S. Euler, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, A. R. Fazely, A. Fedynitch, J. Feintzeig, T. Feusels, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, T. Fischer-Wasels, S. Flis, A. Franckowiak, R. Franke, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, L. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, J. A. Goodman, D. Góra, D. Grant, A. Groß, S. Grullon, M. Gurtner, C. Ha, A. Haj Ismail, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Han, K. Hanson, D. Heereman, P. Heimann, D. Heinen, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, S. Hickford, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, B. Hoffmann, A. Homeier, K. Hoshina, W. Huelsnitz, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hussain, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, J. Jacobsen, G. S. Japaridze, H. Johansson, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, J. Kiryluk, F. Kislat, S. R. Klein, S. Klepser, J. H. Köhne, G. Kohnen, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, M. Krasberg, G. Kroll, J. Kunnen, N. Kurahashi, T. Kuwabara, M. Labare, K. Laihem, H. Landsman, M. J. Larson, R. Lauer, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, K. Meagher, M. Merck, P. Mészáros, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, E. Middell, N. Milke, J. Miller, T. Montaruli, R. Morse, S. M. Movit, R. Nahnhauer, J. W. Nam, U. Naumann, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, S. Odrowski, A. Olivas, M. Olivo, A. O'Murchadha, S. Panknin, L. Paul, C. Pérez De Los Heros, D. Pieloth, J. Posselt, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, K. Rawlins, P. Redl, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, M. Richman, B. Riedel, J. P. Rodrigues, F. Rothmaier, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Rutledge, B. Ruzybayev, D. Ryckbosch, H. G. Sander, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Schatto, M. Scheel, T. Schmidt, S. Schöneberg, A. Schönwald, A. Schukraft, L. Schulte, A. Schultes, O. Schulz, M. Schunck, D. Seckel, B. Semburg, S. H. Seo, Y. Sestayo, S. Seunarine, A. Silvestri, M. W.E. Smith, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stößl, E. A. Strahler, R. Ström, M. Stüer, G. W. Sullivan, H. Taavola, I. Taboada, A. Tamburro, S. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, N. Van Eijndhoven, A. Van Overloop, J. Van Santen, M. Vehring, M. Voge, C. Walck, T. Waldenmaier, M. Wallraff, M. Walter, R. Wasserman, Ch Weaver, C. Wendt, S. Westerhoff, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, D. R. Williams, R. Wischnewski, H. Wissing, M. Wolf, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, C. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, J. P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, P. Zarzhitsky, M. Zoll

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km². The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0° and 46°. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles θ < 30°, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	40-58
Number of pages	19
Journal	Astroparticle Physics
Volume	44
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016
State	Published - 2013
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation–Office of Polar Programs , U.S. National Science Foundation–Physics Division , University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation , the Grid Laboratory of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin – Madison , the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy , and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center , the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada ; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat , Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) , and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden ; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) , Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) , Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany ; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO) , FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to Encourage Scientific and Technological Research in Industry (IWT) , Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo) ; University of Oxford, United Kingdom ; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) ; the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland .

Keywords

Cosmic rays
Energy spectrum
IceCube
IceTop

Access to Document

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016

Cite this

Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Bazo Alba, J. L., Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., ... Zoll, M. (2013). All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations. Astroparticle Physics, 44, 40-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016

@article{fb4ed198dd60488f8e56cb24e8a9c6b4,

title = "All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations",

abstract = "We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km2. The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0° and 46°. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles θ < 30°, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed.",

keywords = "Cosmic rays, Energy spectrum, IceCube, IceTop",

author = "R. Abbasi and Y. Abdou and T. Abu-Zayyad and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and Aguilar, \{J. A.\} and M. Ahlers and D. Altmann and K. Andeen and J. Auffenberg and X. Bai and M. Baker and Barwick, \{S. W.\} and V. Baum and R. Bay and \{Bazo Alba\}, \{J. L.\} and K. Beattie and Beatty, \{J. J.\} and S. Bechet and Becker, \{J. K.\} and Becker, \{K. H.\} and M. Bell and Benabderrahmane, \{M. L.\} and S. Benzvi and J. Berdermann and P. Berghaus and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and D. Bertrand and Besson, \{D. Z.\} and D. Bindig and M. Bissok and E. Blaufuss and J. Blumenthal and Boersma, \{D. J.\} and C. Bohm and D. Bose and S. B{\"o}ser and O. Botner and L. Brayeur and Brown, \{A. M.\} and S. Buitink and Caballero-Mora, \{K. S.\} and M. Carson and M. Casier and D. Chirkin and B. Christy and F. Clevermann and S. Cohen and Cowen, \{D. F.\} and \{Cruz Silva\}, \{A. H.\} and D'Agostino, \{M. V.\} and M. Danninger and J. Daughhetee and Davis, \{J. C.\} and \{De Clercq\}, C. and T. Degner and F. Descamps and P. Desiati and \{De Vries-Uiterweerd\}, G. and T. Deyoung and D{\'i}az-V{\'e}lez, \{J. C.\} and J. Dreyer and Dumm, \{J. P.\} and M. Dunkman and J. Eisch and Ellsworth, \{R. W.\} and O. Engdeg{\aa}rd and S. Euler and Evenson, \{P. A.\} and O. Fadiran and Fazely, \{A. R.\} and A. Fedynitch and J. Feintzeig and T. Feusels and K. Filimonov and C. Finley and T. Fischer-Wasels and S. Flis and A. Franckowiak and R. Franke and Gaisser, \{T. K.\} and J. Gallagher and L. Gerhardt and L. Gladstone and T. Gl{\"u}senkamp and A. Goldschmidt and Goodman, \{J. A.\} and D. G{\'o}ra and D. Grant and A. Gro{\ss} and S. Grullon and M. Gurtner and C. Ha and \{Haj Ismail\}, A. and A. Hallgren and F. Halzen and K. Han and K. Hanson and D. Heereman and P. Heimann and D. Heinen and K. Helbing and R. Hellauer and S. Hickford and Hill, \{G. C.\} and Hoffman, \{K. D.\} and B. Hoffmann and A. Homeier and K. Hoshina and W. Huelsnitz and Hulth, \{P. O.\} and K. Hultqvist and S. Hussain and A. Ishihara and E. Jacobi and J. Jacobsen and Japaridze, \{G. S.\} and H. Johansson and A. Kappes and T. Karg and A. Karle and J. Kiryluk and F. Kislat and Klein, \{S. R.\} and S. Klepser and K{\"o}hne, \{J. H.\} and G. Kohnen and H. Kolanoski and L. K{\"o}pke and S. Kopper and Koskinen, \{D. J.\} and M. Kowalski and M. Krasberg and G. Kroll and J. Kunnen and N. Kurahashi and T. Kuwabara and M. Labare and K. Laihem and H. Landsman and Larson, \{M. J.\} and R. Lauer and J. L{\"u}nemann and J. Madsen and R. Maruyama and K. Mase and Matis, \{H. S.\} and K. Meagher and M. Merck and P. M{\'e}sz{\'a}ros and T. Meures and S. Miarecki and E. Middell and N. Milke and J. Miller and T. Montaruli and R. Morse and Movit, \{S. M.\} and R. Nahnhauer and Nam, \{J. W.\} and U. Naumann and Nowicki, \{S. C.\} and Nygren, \{D. R.\} and S. Odrowski and A. Olivas and M. Olivo and A. O'Murchadha and S. Panknin and L. Paul and \{P{\'e}rez De Los Heros\}, C. and D. Pieloth and J. Posselt and Price, \{P. B.\} and Przybylski, \{G. T.\} and K. Rawlins and P. Redl and E. Resconi and W. Rhode and M. Ribordy and M. Richman and B. Riedel and Rodrigues, \{J. P.\} and F. Rothmaier and C. Rott and T. Ruhe and D. Rutledge and B. Ruzybayev and D. Ryckbosch and Sander, \{H. G.\} and M. Santander and S. Sarkar and K. Schatto and M. Scheel and T. Schmidt and S. Sch{\"o}neberg and A. Sch{\"o}nwald and A. Schukraft and L. Schulte and A. Schultes and O. Schulz and M. Schunck and D. Seckel and B. Semburg and Seo, \{S. H.\} and Y. Sestayo and S. Seunarine and A. Silvestri and Smith, \{M. W.E.\} and Spiczak, \{G. M.\} and C. Spiering and M. Stamatikos and T. Stanev and T. Stezelberger and Stokstad, \{R. G.\} and A. St{\"o}{\ss}l and Strahler, \{E. A.\} and R. Str{\"o}m and M. St{\"u}er and Sullivan, \{G. W.\} and H. Taavola and I. Taboada and A. Tamburro and S. Ter-Antonyan and S. Tilav and Toale, \{P. A.\} and S. Toscano and D. Tosi and \{Van Eijndhoven\}, N. and \{Van Overloop\}, A. and \{Van Santen\}, J. and M. Vehring and M. Voge and C. Walck and T. Waldenmaier and M. Wallraff and M. Walter and R. Wasserman and Ch Weaver and C. Wendt and S. Westerhoff and N. Whitehorn and K. Wiebe and Wiebusch, \{C. H.\} and Williams, \{D. R.\} and R. Wischnewski and H. Wissing and M. Wolf and Wood, \{T. R.\} and K. Woschnagg and C. Xu and Xu, \{D. L.\} and Xu, \{X. W.\} and Yanez, \{J. P.\} and G. Yodh and S. Yoshida and P. Zarzhitsky and M. Zoll",

year = "2013",

doi = "10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016",

language = "English",

volume = "44",

pages = "40--58",

journal = "Astroparticle Physics",

issn = "0927-6505",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Abu-Zayyad, T, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Bazo Alba, JL, Beattie, K, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Becker, JK, Becker, KH, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, Benzvi, S, Berdermann, J, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Brown, AM, Buitink, S, Caballero-Mora, KS, Carson, M, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christy, B, Clevermann, F, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, D'Agostino, MV, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, De Clercq, C, Degner, T, Descamps, F, Desiati, P, De Vries-Uiterweerd, G, Deyoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dreyer, J, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Engdegård, O, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Franke, R, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, Groß, A, Grullon, S, Gurtner, M, Ha, C, Haj Ismail, A, Hallgren, A, Halzen, F, Han, K, Hanson, K, Heereman, D, Heimann, P, Heinen, D, Helbing, K, Hellauer, R, Hickford, S, Hill, GC, Hoffman, KD, Hoffmann, B, Homeier, A, Hoshina, K, Huelsnitz, W, Hulth, PO, Hultqvist, K, Hussain, S, Ishihara, A, Jacobi, E, Jacobsen, J, Japaridze, GS, Johansson, H, Kappes, A, Karg, T, Karle, A, Kiryluk, J, Kislat, F, Klein, SR, Klepser, S, Köhne, JH, Kohnen, G, Kolanoski, H, Köpke, L, Kopper, S, Koskinen, DJ, Kowalski, M, Krasberg, M, Kroll, G, Kunnen, J, Kurahashi, N, Kuwabara, T, Labare, M, Laihem, K, Landsman, H, Larson, MJ, Lauer, R, Lünemann, J, Madsen, J, Maruyama, R, Mase, K, Matis, HS, Meagher, K, Merck, M, Mészáros, P, Meures, T, Miarecki, S, Middell, E, Milke, N, Miller, J, Montaruli, T, Morse, R, Movit, SM, Nahnhauer, R, Nam, JW, Naumann, U, Nowicki, SC, Nygren, DR, Odrowski, S, Olivas, A, Olivo, M, O'Murchadha, A, Panknin, S, Paul, L, Pérez De Los Heros, C, Pieloth, D, Posselt, J, Price, PB, Przybylski, GT, Rawlins, K, Redl, P, Resconi, E, Rhode, W, Ribordy, M, Richman, M, Riedel, B, Rodrigues, JP, Rothmaier, F, Rott, C, Ruhe, T, Rutledge, D, Ruzybayev, B, Ryckbosch, D, Sander, HG, Santander, M, Sarkar, S, Schatto, K, Scheel, M, Schmidt, T, Schöneberg, S, Schönwald, A, Schukraft, A, Schulte, L, Schultes, A, Schulz, O, Schunck, M, Seckel, D, Semburg, B, Seo, SH, Sestayo, Y, Seunarine, S, Silvestri, A, Smith, MWE, Spiczak, GM, Spiering, C, Stamatikos, M, Stanev, T, Stezelberger, T, Stokstad, RG, Stößl, A, Strahler, EA, Ström, R, Stüer, M, Sullivan, GW, Taavola, H, Taboada, I, Tamburro, A, Ter-Antonyan, S, Tilav, S, Toale, PA, Toscano, S, Tosi, D, Van Eijndhoven, N, Van Overloop, A, Van Santen, J, Vehring, M, Voge, M, Walck, C, Waldenmaier, T, Wallraff, M, Walter, M, Wasserman, R, Weaver, C, Wendt, C, Westerhoff, S, Whitehorn, N, Wiebe, K, Wiebusch, CH, Williams, DR, Wischnewski, R, Wissing, H, Wolf, M, Wood, TR, Woschnagg, K, Xu, C, Xu, DL, Xu, XW, Yanez, JP, Yodh, G, Yoshida, S, Zarzhitsky, P & Zoll, M 2013, 'All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations', Astroparticle Physics, vol. 44, pp. 40-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016

TY - JOUR

T1 - All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations

AU - Abbasi, R.

AU - Abdou, Y.

AU - Abu-Zayyad, T.

AU - Ackermann, M.

AU - Adams, J.

AU - Aguilar, J. A.

AU - Ahlers, M.

AU - Altmann, D.

AU - Andeen, K.

AU - Auffenberg, J.

AU - Bai, X.

AU - Baker, M.

AU - Barwick, S. W.

AU - Baum, V.

AU - Bay, R.

AU - Bazo Alba, J. L.

AU - Beattie, K.

AU - Beatty, J. J.

AU - Bechet, S.

AU - Becker, J. K.

AU - Becker, K. H.

AU - Bell, M.

AU - Benabderrahmane, M. L.

AU - Benzvi, S.

AU - Berdermann, J.

AU - Berghaus, P.

AU - Berley, D.

AU - Bernardini, E.

AU - Bertrand, D.

AU - Besson, D. Z.

AU - Bindig, D.

AU - Bissok, M.

AU - Blaufuss, E.

AU - Blumenthal, J.

AU - Boersma, D. J.

AU - Bohm, C.

AU - Bose, D.

AU - Böser, S.

AU - Botner, O.

AU - Brayeur, L.

AU - Brown, A. M.

AU - Buitink, S.

AU - Caballero-Mora, K. S.

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PY - 2013

Y1 - 2013

N2 - We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km2. The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0° and 46°. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles θ < 30°, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed.

AB - We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km2. The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0° and 46°. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles θ < 30°, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed.

KW - Cosmic rays

KW - Energy spectrum

KW - IceCube

KW - IceTop

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84874735180

U2 - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016

DO - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84874735180

SN - 0927-6505

VL - 44

SP - 40

EP - 58

JO - Astroparticle Physics

JF - Astroparticle Physics

ER -

All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations

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