Additive Manufacturing of High-Entropy Alloys: Microstructural Metastability and Mechanical Behavior

Shuai Guan; Jie Ren; Shahryar Mooraj; Yanfang Liu; Shuai Feng; Shengbiao Zhang; Jian Liu; Xuesong Fan; Peter K. Liaw; Wen Chen

doi:10.1007/s11669-021-00913-w

Additive Manufacturing of High-Entropy Alloys: Microstructural Metastability and Mechanical Behavior

Shuai Guan, Jie Ren, Shahryar Mooraj, Yanfang Liu, Shuai Feng, Shengbiao Zhang, Jian Liu, Xuesong Fan, Peter K. Liaw, Wen Chen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have received considerable interest over the past decade due to their intriguing structural, chemical, and physical properties. Additive manufacturing (AM), also termed three-dimensional (3D) printing, generates parts with complex geometries and internal features layer-upon-layer from a computer-aided design (CAD) 3D file. In recent years, explosive research on AM of HEAs has been inspired. This paper performs a comprehensive and critical review on the recent progress in additively manufactured (AM-ed) HEAs, with a special focus placed on the similarities and differences in the microstructure and mechanical behavior between the AM-ed HEAs and the as-cast or thermo-mechanically processed (TMP-ed) counterparts. To gain a better understanding of the formation of the AM microstructure, the working principles, rapid solidification effects, and subsequent thermal cycling effects of various metal AM techniques, e.g., directed energy deposition (DED), selective laser melting (SLM), and electron beam melting (EBM), are also introduced. In the end, several future research directions are suggested towards the design of advanced HEAs with the superior strength-ductility synergy via 3D printing.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	748-771
Number of pages	24
Journal	Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion
Volume	42
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-021-00913-w
State	Published - Oct 2021
Externally published	Yes

Funding

W.C. acknowledges the financial support from the US National Science Foundation (CMMI-1927621 and DMR-2004429) and UMass Faculty Startup. P.K.L. very much appreciates the supports from (1) the U.S. Army Office Project (W911NF-13-1-0438 and W911NF-19-2-0049) with the program managers, Drs. Michael P. Bakas, David M. Stepp, and S. Mathaudhu, and (2) the National Science Foundation (DMR-1611180 and 1809640) with the program directors, Drs. Judith Yang, Gary Shiflet, and Diana Farkas.

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	CMMI-1927621, DMR-2004429, DMR-1611180, 1809640
National Science Foundation
U.S. Army	W911NF-19-2-0049, W911NF-13-1-0438
U.S. Army
University of Massachusetts

Keywords

additive manufacturing
high-entropy alloys
mechanical behavior
microstructural metastability
rapid solidification
thermal cycling

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1007/s11669-021-00913-w

Cite this

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title = "Additive Manufacturing of High-Entropy Alloys: Microstructural Metastability and Mechanical Behavior",

abstract = "High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have received considerable interest over the past decade due to their intriguing structural, chemical, and physical properties. Additive manufacturing (AM), also termed three-dimensional (3D) printing, generates parts with complex geometries and internal features layer-upon-layer from a computer-aided design (CAD) 3D file. In recent years, explosive research on AM of HEAs has been inspired. This paper performs a comprehensive and critical review on the recent progress in additively manufactured (AM-ed) HEAs, with a special focus placed on the similarities and differences in the microstructure and mechanical behavior between the AM-ed HEAs and the as-cast or thermo-mechanically processed (TMP-ed) counterparts. To gain a better understanding of the formation of the AM microstructure, the working principles, rapid solidification effects, and subsequent thermal cycling effects of various metal AM techniques, e.g., directed energy deposition (DED), selective laser melting (SLM), and electron beam melting (EBM), are also introduced. In the end, several future research directions are suggested towards the design of advanced HEAs with the superior strength-ductility synergy via 3D printing.",

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author = "Shuai Guan and Jie Ren and Shahryar Mooraj and Yanfang Liu and Shuai Feng and Shengbiao Zhang and Jian Liu and Xuesong Fan and Liaw, {Peter K.} and Wen Chen",

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AB - High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have received considerable interest over the past decade due to their intriguing structural, chemical, and physical properties. Additive manufacturing (AM), also termed three-dimensional (3D) printing, generates parts with complex geometries and internal features layer-upon-layer from a computer-aided design (CAD) 3D file. In recent years, explosive research on AM of HEAs has been inspired. This paper performs a comprehensive and critical review on the recent progress in additively manufactured (AM-ed) HEAs, with a special focus placed on the similarities and differences in the microstructure and mechanical behavior between the AM-ed HEAs and the as-cast or thermo-mechanically processed (TMP-ed) counterparts. To gain a better understanding of the formation of the AM microstructure, the working principles, rapid solidification effects, and subsequent thermal cycling effects of various metal AM techniques, e.g., directed energy deposition (DED), selective laser melting (SLM), and electron beam melting (EBM), are also introduced. In the end, several future research directions are suggested towards the design of advanced HEAs with the superior strength-ductility synergy via 3D printing.

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Additive Manufacturing of High-Entropy Alloys: Microstructural Metastability and Mechanical Behavior

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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