Additive friction stir deposition of SS316: Effect of process parameters on microstructure evolution

Priyanshi Agrawal; Ravi Sankar Haridas; Surekha Yadav; Saket Thapliyal; Abhijeet Dhal; Rajiv S. Mishra

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112470

Additive friction stir deposition of SS316: Effect of process parameters on microstructure evolution

Priyanshi Agrawal, Ravi Sankar Haridas, Surekha Yadav, Saket Thapliyal, Abhijeet Dhal, Rajiv S. Mishra

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

Solid state nature of additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) additive manufacturing process is very advantageous in terms of defect formation and microstructural refinement in the material. Current study presents the process optimization, microstructural evolution and kinetics of recrystallization for AFSD deposited low stacking fault energy material - SS316. As deposited microstructure shows equiaxed ultra fine grains with an average grain size of ∼5.0 ± 0.5 μm. Shear deformation at high temperature during processing leads to the operation of restoration mechanisms. Observation of necklace type microstructure in the as deposited SS316 is attributed to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization during processing. Recrystallization kinetics of the AFSD SS316 is characterized using Johnson-Mehl-Avarami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) model. Deformation – thermal cycling during AFSD process resulted in inconsistent recrystallization kinetics. Variation in strain, strain rate and temperature during processing with processing parameters result in varying microstructure and tool wear. High strength-ductility combination and sustained work hardening in as deposited SS316 appear to arise from transformation and twinning during deformation, leading to the formation of hierarchical twins and martensitic phase after deformation.

Original language	English
Article number	112470
Journal	Materials Characterization
Volume	195
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112470
State	Published - Jan 2023
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors acknowledge the infrastructure and support of Center for Agile & Adaptive and Additive Manufacturing ( CAAAM ) funded through State of Texas Appropriation #190405-105-805008-220. The authors thank Materials Research Facility for access to microscopy facilities at the University of North Texas. PA is also grateful to Dr. Abhishek Sharma and Dr. Sriswaroop Dasari for their help with TEM and FIB.

Keywords

Additive friction stir deposition
Additive manufacturing
Deformation mechanism
Microstructure
Recrystallization kinetics

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112470

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title = "Additive friction stir deposition of SS316: Effect of process parameters on microstructure evolution",

abstract = "Solid state nature of additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) additive manufacturing process is very advantageous in terms of defect formation and microstructural refinement in the material. Current study presents the process optimization, microstructural evolution and kinetics of recrystallization for AFSD deposited low stacking fault energy material - SS316. As deposited microstructure shows equiaxed ultra fine grains with an average grain size of ∼5.0 ± 0.5 μm. Shear deformation at high temperature during processing leads to the operation of restoration mechanisms. Observation of necklace type microstructure in the as deposited SS316 is attributed to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization during processing. Recrystallization kinetics of the AFSD SS316 is characterized using Johnson-Mehl-Avarami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) model. Deformation – thermal cycling during AFSD process resulted in inconsistent recrystallization kinetics. Variation in strain, strain rate and temperature during processing with processing parameters result in varying microstructure and tool wear. High strength-ductility combination and sustained work hardening in as deposited SS316 appear to arise from transformation and twinning during deformation, leading to the formation of hierarchical twins and martensitic phase after deformation.",

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author = "Priyanshi Agrawal and Haridas, {Ravi Sankar} and Surekha Yadav and Saket Thapliyal and Abhijeet Dhal and Mishra, {Rajiv S.}",

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AU - Agrawal, Priyanshi

AU - Haridas, Ravi Sankar

AU - Yadav, Surekha

AU - Thapliyal, Saket

AU - Dhal, Abhijeet

AU - Mishra, Rajiv S.

PY - 2023/1

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N2 - Solid state nature of additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) additive manufacturing process is very advantageous in terms of defect formation and microstructural refinement in the material. Current study presents the process optimization, microstructural evolution and kinetics of recrystallization for AFSD deposited low stacking fault energy material - SS316. As deposited microstructure shows equiaxed ultra fine grains with an average grain size of ∼5.0 ± 0.5 μm. Shear deformation at high temperature during processing leads to the operation of restoration mechanisms. Observation of necklace type microstructure in the as deposited SS316 is attributed to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization during processing. Recrystallization kinetics of the AFSD SS316 is characterized using Johnson-Mehl-Avarami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) model. Deformation – thermal cycling during AFSD process resulted in inconsistent recrystallization kinetics. Variation in strain, strain rate and temperature during processing with processing parameters result in varying microstructure and tool wear. High strength-ductility combination and sustained work hardening in as deposited SS316 appear to arise from transformation and twinning during deformation, leading to the formation of hierarchical twins and martensitic phase after deformation.

AB - Solid state nature of additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) additive manufacturing process is very advantageous in terms of defect formation and microstructural refinement in the material. Current study presents the process optimization, microstructural evolution and kinetics of recrystallization for AFSD deposited low stacking fault energy material - SS316. As deposited microstructure shows equiaxed ultra fine grains with an average grain size of ∼5.0 ± 0.5 μm. Shear deformation at high temperature during processing leads to the operation of restoration mechanisms. Observation of necklace type microstructure in the as deposited SS316 is attributed to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization during processing. Recrystallization kinetics of the AFSD SS316 is characterized using Johnson-Mehl-Avarami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) model. Deformation – thermal cycling during AFSD process resulted in inconsistent recrystallization kinetics. Variation in strain, strain rate and temperature during processing with processing parameters result in varying microstructure and tool wear. High strength-ductility combination and sustained work hardening in as deposited SS316 appear to arise from transformation and twinning during deformation, leading to the formation of hierarchical twins and martensitic phase after deformation.

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KW - Additive manufacturing

KW - Deformation mechanism

KW - Microstructure

KW - Recrystallization kinetics

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Additive friction stir deposition of SS316: Effect of process parameters on microstructure evolution

Abstract

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Keywords

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