Achieving superior mechanical properties: Tailoring multicomponent microstructure in AISI 9254 spring steel through a two-stage Q&P process and nanoscale carbide integration

Mohammad Masoumi; Edwan Anderson Ariza; Dany Centeno; Gustavo Tressia; Andrés Márquez-Rossy; Jonathan D. Poplawsky; Andre Paulo Tschiptschin

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2023.113523

Achieving superior mechanical properties: Tailoring multicomponent microstructure in AISI 9254 spring steel through a two-stage Q&P process and nanoscale carbide integration

Mohammad Masoumi, Edwan Anderson Ariza, Dany Centeno, Gustavo Tressia, Andrés Márquez-Rossy, Jonathan D. Poplawsky, Andre Paulo Tschiptschin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

In the pursuit of lightweight, durable steel, we have successfully developed a multicomponent structure in AISI 9254 spring steel using a two-stage quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process. The primary objective of this process was to engineer an optimized microstructure consisting of nanobainite, martensite, and nano-carbides. Utilizing the insights gained from the results of advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT) performed on the as-received AISI 9254 spring steel, we refined the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) path, leading to the successful establishment of a bainitic transformation for superior mechanical properties. Our tensile tests revealed a high yield strength (≈ 1600 ± 25 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength (≈ 1850 ± 50 MPa), along with considerable elongation (≈ 11.15 ± 0.25%). We also identified that pre-formed martensite lath defects and high silicon content play crucial roles during the Q&P process, preventing carbide coalescence and increasing strain-hardening capacity. This study demonstrates the potential of a Q&P process to generate high-strength, ductile steel for automotive and aerospace applications.

Original language	English
Article number	113523
Journal	Materials Characterization
Volume	207
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2023.113523
State	Published - Jan 2024

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) under grant number 2021/02926-4 and the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) under grant number 304157/2020-1 . APT research was supported by the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), a US Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory . The authors would like to express their heartfelt appreciation to James Burns for his invaluable assistance in performing APT sample preparation and conducting the APT experiments. Additionally, we extend our sincere gratitude to the AI system for its contribution in improving the English language of our text.

Funders	Funder number
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
Office of Science
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo	2021/02926-4
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico	304157/2020-1

Keywords

Atom probe tomography (APT)
Dilation
SAE-AISI 9254 silicon-chromium steel
Transition carbide
XRD

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10.1016/j.matchar.2023.113523

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Masoumi, M., Ariza, E. A., Centeno, D., Tressia, G., Márquez-Rossy, A., Poplawsky, J. D., & Tschiptschin, A. P. (2024). Achieving superior mechanical properties: Tailoring multicomponent microstructure in AISI 9254 spring steel through a two-stage Q&P process and nanoscale carbide integration. Materials Characterization, 207, Article 113523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2023.113523

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abstract = "In the pursuit of lightweight, durable steel, we have successfully developed a multicomponent structure in AISI 9254 spring steel using a two-stage quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process. The primary objective of this process was to engineer an optimized microstructure consisting of nanobainite, martensite, and nano-carbides. Utilizing the insights gained from the results of advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT) performed on the as-received AISI 9254 spring steel, we refined the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) path, leading to the successful establishment of a bainitic transformation for superior mechanical properties. Our tensile tests revealed a high yield strength (≈ 1600 ± 25 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength (≈ 1850 ± 50 MPa), along with considerable elongation (≈ 11.15 ± 0.25%). We also identified that pre-formed martensite lath defects and high silicon content play crucial roles during the Q&P process, preventing carbide coalescence and increasing strain-hardening capacity. This study demonstrates the potential of a Q&P process to generate high-strength, ductile steel for automotive and aerospace applications.",

keywords = "Atom probe tomography (APT), Dilation, SAE-AISI 9254 silicon-chromium steel, Transition carbide, XRD",

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Masoumi, M, Ariza, EA, Centeno, D, Tressia, G, Márquez-Rossy, A, Poplawsky, JD & Tschiptschin, AP 2024, 'Achieving superior mechanical properties: Tailoring multicomponent microstructure in AISI 9254 spring steel through a two-stage Q&P process and nanoscale carbide integration', Materials Characterization, vol. 207, 113523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2023.113523

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T2 - Tailoring multicomponent microstructure in AISI 9254 spring steel through a two-stage Q&P process and nanoscale carbide integration

AU - Masoumi, Mohammad

AU - Ariza, Edwan Anderson

AU - Centeno, Dany

AU - Tressia, Gustavo

AU - Márquez-Rossy, Andrés

AU - Poplawsky, Jonathan D.

AU - Tschiptschin, Andre Paulo

PY - 2024/1

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N2 - In the pursuit of lightweight, durable steel, we have successfully developed a multicomponent structure in AISI 9254 spring steel using a two-stage quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process. The primary objective of this process was to engineer an optimized microstructure consisting of nanobainite, martensite, and nano-carbides. Utilizing the insights gained from the results of advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT) performed on the as-received AISI 9254 spring steel, we refined the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) path, leading to the successful establishment of a bainitic transformation for superior mechanical properties. Our tensile tests revealed a high yield strength (≈ 1600 ± 25 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength (≈ 1850 ± 50 MPa), along with considerable elongation (≈ 11.15 ± 0.25%). We also identified that pre-formed martensite lath defects and high silicon content play crucial roles during the Q&P process, preventing carbide coalescence and increasing strain-hardening capacity. This study demonstrates the potential of a Q&P process to generate high-strength, ductile steel for automotive and aerospace applications.

AB - In the pursuit of lightweight, durable steel, we have successfully developed a multicomponent structure in AISI 9254 spring steel using a two-stage quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process. The primary objective of this process was to engineer an optimized microstructure consisting of nanobainite, martensite, and nano-carbides. Utilizing the insights gained from the results of advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT) performed on the as-received AISI 9254 spring steel, we refined the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) path, leading to the successful establishment of a bainitic transformation for superior mechanical properties. Our tensile tests revealed a high yield strength (≈ 1600 ± 25 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength (≈ 1850 ± 50 MPa), along with considerable elongation (≈ 11.15 ± 0.25%). We also identified that pre-formed martensite lath defects and high silicon content play crucial roles during the Q&P process, preventing carbide coalescence and increasing strain-hardening capacity. This study demonstrates the potential of a Q&P process to generate high-strength, ductile steel for automotive and aerospace applications.

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KW - Dilation

KW - SAE-AISI 9254 silicon-chromium steel

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Achieving superior mechanical properties: Tailoring multicomponent microstructure in AISI 9254 spring steel through a two-stage Q&P process and nanoscale carbide integration

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