A US perspective on closing the carbon cycle to defossilize difficult-to-electrify segments of our economy

Wendy J. Shaw; Michelle K. Kidder; Simon R. Bare; Massimiliano Delferro; James R. Morris; Francesca M. Toma; Sanjaya D. Senanayake; Tom Autrey; Elizabeth J. Biddinger; Shannon Boettcher; Mark E. Bowden; Phillip F. Britt; Robert C. Brown; R. Morris Bullock; Jingguang G. Chen; Claus Daniel; Peter K. Dorhout; Rebecca A. Efroymson; Kelly J. Gaffney; Laura Gagliardi; Aaron S. Harper; David J. Heldebrant; Oana R. Luca; Maxim Lyubovsky; Jonathan L. Male; Daniel J. Miller; Tanya Prozorov; Robert Rallo; Rachita Rana; Robert M. Rioux; Aaron D. Sadow; Joshua A. Schaidle; Lisa A. Schulte; William A. Tarpeh; Dionisios G. Vlachos; Bryan D. Vogt; Robert S. Weber; Jenny Y. Yang; Elke Arenholz; Brett A. Helms; Wenyu Huang; James L. Jordahl; Canan Karakaya; Kourosh Kian; Jotheeswari Kothandaraman; Johannes Lercher; Ping Liu; Deepika Malhotra; Karl T. Mueller; Casey P. O’Brien; Robert M. Palomino; Long Qi; José A. Rodriguez; Roger Rousseau; Jake C. Russell; Michele L. Sarazen; David S. Sholl; Emily A. Smith; Michaela Burke Stevens; Yogesh Surendranath; Christopher J. Tassone; Ba Tran; William Tumas; Krista S. Walton

doi:10.1038/s41570-024-00587-1

A US perspective on closing the carbon cycle to defossilize difficult-to-electrify segments of our economy

Wendy J. Shaw, Michelle K. Kidder, Simon R. Bare, Massimiliano Delferro, James R. Morris, Francesca M. Toma, Sanjaya D. Senanayake, Tom Autrey, Elizabeth J. Biddinger, Shannon Boettcher, Mark E. Bowden, Phillip F. Britt, Robert C. Brown, R. Morris Bullock, Jingguang G. Chen, Claus Daniel, Peter K. Dorhout, Rebecca A. Efroymson, Kelly J. Gaffney, Laura GagliardiAaron S. Harper, David J. Heldebrant, Oana R. Luca, Maxim Lyubovsky, Jonathan L. Male, Daniel J. Miller, Tanya Prozorov, Robert Rallo, Rachita Rana, Robert M. Rioux, Aaron D. Sadow, Joshua A. Schaidle, Lisa A. Schulte, William A. Tarpeh, Dionisios G. Vlachos, Bryan D. Vogt, Robert S. Weber, Jenny Y. Yang, Elke Arenholz, Brett A. Helms, Wenyu Huang, James L. Jordahl, Canan Karakaya, Kourosh Kian, Jotheeswari Kothandaraman, Johannes Lercher, Ping Liu, Deepika Malhotra, Karl T. Mueller, Casey P. O’Brien, Robert M. Palomino, Long Qi, José A. Rodriguez, Roger Rousseau, Jake C. Russell, Michele L. Sarazen, David S. Sholl, Emily A. Smith, Michaela Burke Stevens, Yogesh Surendranath, Christopher J. Tassone, Ba Tran, William Tumas, Krista S. Walton

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Abstract

Electrification to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions is essential to mitigate climate change. However, a substantial portion of our manufacturing and transportation infrastructure will be difficult to electrify and/or will continue to use carbon as a key component, including areas in aviation, heavy-duty and marine transportation, and the chemical industry. In this Roadmap, we explore how multidisciplinary approaches will enable us to close the carbon cycle and create a circular economy by defossilizing these difficult-to-electrify areas and those that will continue to need carbon. We discuss two approaches for this: developing carbon alternatives and improving our ability to reuse carbon, enabled by separations. Furthermore, we posit that co-design and use-driven fundamental science are essential to reach aggressive greenhouse gas reduction targets. (Figure presented.)

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	376-400
Number of pages	25
Journal	Nature Reviews Chemistry
Volume	8
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-024-00587-1
State	Published - May 2024

Funding

This Roadmap is the outcome of a workshop entitled Closing the Carbon Cycle: Opportunities in Energy Science, organized by seven Department of Energy, DOE, national laboratories and held at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory on July 18 and 19, 2022, with co-organization from Ames, Argonne, Brookhaven, Lawrence Berkeley, Oak Ridge and SLAC National Laboratories. In attendance were representatives from ten national laboratories, 35 academic institutions, several government agencies and four companies. The authors are indebted to the agencies responsible for the funding of their individual and group research efforts, without which this work would not have been possible. These include the US DOE, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences; DOE-Office of Science Basic Energy Science Materials Science and Engineering; DOE-Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM); DOE-Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); DOE-EERE, Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Office (HFTO); DOE-EERE, Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO); DOE-EERE, Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Office (AMMTO); DOE-EERE, Industrial Efficiency and Decarbonization Office (IEDO); US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture; and National Science Foundation. The authors thank S. Soroko and C. E. Galvin (Argonne National Laboratory) for the creation of Fig. , T. Bowman (Brookhaven National Laboratory) for creating the Box figure, J. Bauer (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) for the creation of Fig. , and C. Johnson (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) for the creation of Figs. and . The authors also acknowledge K. Krzan and B. Mundy for editorial assistance.

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Shaw, W. J., Kidder, M. K., Bare, S. R., Delferro, M., Morris, J. R., Toma, F. M., Senanayake, S. D., Autrey, T., Biddinger, E. J., Boettcher, S., Bowden, M. E., Britt, P. F., Brown, R. C., Bullock, R. M., Chen, J. G., Daniel, C., Dorhout, P. K., Efroymson, R. A., Gaffney, K. J., ... Walton, K. S. (2024). A US perspective on closing the carbon cycle to defossilize difficult-to-electrify segments of our economy. Nature Reviews Chemistry, 8(5), 376-400. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-024-00587-1

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title = "A US perspective on closing the carbon cycle to defossilize difficult-to-electrify segments of our economy",

abstract = "Electrification to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions is essential to mitigate climate change. However, a substantial portion of our manufacturing and transportation infrastructure will be difficult to electrify and/or will continue to use carbon as a key component, including areas in aviation, heavy-duty and marine transportation, and the chemical industry. In this Roadmap, we explore how multidisciplinary approaches will enable us to close the carbon cycle and create a circular economy by defossilizing these difficult-to-electrify areas and those that will continue to need carbon. We discuss two approaches for this: developing carbon alternatives and improving our ability to reuse carbon, enabled by separations. Furthermore, we posit that co-design and use-driven fundamental science are essential to reach aggressive greenhouse gas reduction targets. (Figure presented.)",

author = "Shaw, {Wendy J.} and Kidder, {Michelle K.} and Bare, {Simon R.} and Massimiliano Delferro and Morris, {James R.} and Toma, {Francesca M.} and Senanayake, {Sanjaya D.} and Tom Autrey and Biddinger, {Elizabeth J.} and Shannon Boettcher and Bowden, {Mark E.} and Britt, {Phillip F.} and Brown, {Robert C.} and Bullock, {R. Morris} and Chen, {Jingguang G.} and Claus Daniel and Dorhout, {Peter K.} and Efroymson, {Rebecca A.} and Gaffney, {Kelly J.} and Laura Gagliardi and Harper, {Aaron S.} and Heldebrant, {David J.} and Luca, {Oana R.} and Maxim Lyubovsky and Male, {Jonathan L.} and Miller, {Daniel J.} and Tanya Prozorov and Robert Rallo and Rachita Rana and Rioux, {Robert M.} and Sadow, {Aaron D.} and Schaidle, {Joshua A.} and Schulte, {Lisa A.} and Tarpeh, {William A.} and Vlachos, {Dionisios G.} and Vogt, {Bryan D.} and Weber, {Robert S.} and Yang, {Jenny Y.} and Elke Arenholz and Helms, {Brett A.} and Wenyu Huang and Jordahl, {James L.} and Canan Karakaya and Kourosh Kian and Jotheeswari Kothandaraman and Johannes Lercher and Ping Liu and Deepika Malhotra and Mueller, {Karl T.} and O{\textquoteright}Brien, {Casey P.} and Palomino, {Robert M.} and Long Qi and Rodriguez, {Jos{\'e} A.} and Roger Rousseau and Russell, {Jake C.} and Sarazen, {Michele L.} and Sholl, {David S.} and Smith, {Emily A.} and Stevens, {Michaela Burke} and Yogesh Surendranath and Tassone, {Christopher J.} and Ba Tran and William Tumas and Walton, {Krista S.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Argonne National Laboratory, Battelle Memorial Institute, UT- Battelle, LLC, Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, AMES National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Booz Allen Hamilton, BASF Corporation and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. This work contains contributions, authored by US Government employees in the course of their official duties, which are not subject to copyright protection in the US. Foreign copyright protection for these contributions may still apply 2024.",

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journal = "Nature Reviews Chemistry",

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Shaw, WJ, Kidder, MK, Bare, SR, Delferro, M, Morris, JR, Toma, FM, Senanayake, SD, Autrey, T, Biddinger, EJ, Boettcher, S, Bowden, ME, Britt, PF, Brown, RC, Bullock, RM, Chen, JG, Daniel, C, Dorhout, PK, Efroymson, RA, Gaffney, KJ, Gagliardi, L, Harper, AS, Heldebrant, DJ, Luca, OR, Lyubovsky, M, Male, JL, Miller, DJ, Prozorov, T, Rallo, R, Rana, R, Rioux, RM, Sadow, AD, Schaidle, JA, Schulte, LA, Tarpeh, WA, Vlachos, DG, Vogt, BD, Weber, RS, Yang, JY, Arenholz, E, Helms, BA, Huang, W, Jordahl, JL, Karakaya, C, Kian, K, Kothandaraman, J, Lercher, J, Liu, P, Malhotra, D, Mueller, KT, O’Brien, CP, Palomino, RM, Qi, L, Rodriguez, JA, Rousseau, R, Russell, JC, Sarazen, ML, Sholl, DS, Smith, EA, Stevens, MB, Surendranath, Y, Tassone, CJ, Tran, B, Tumas, W & Walton, KS 2024, 'A US perspective on closing the carbon cycle to defossilize difficult-to-electrify segments of our economy', Nature Reviews Chemistry, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 376-400. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-024-00587-1

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AU - Shaw, Wendy J.

AU - Kidder, Michelle K.

AU - Bare, Simon R.

AU - Delferro, Massimiliano

AU - Morris, James R.

AU - Toma, Francesca M.

AU - Senanayake, Sanjaya D.

AU - Autrey, Tom

AU - Biddinger, Elizabeth J.

AU - Boettcher, Shannon

AU - Bowden, Mark E.

AU - Britt, Phillip F.

AU - Brown, Robert C.

AU - Bullock, R. Morris

AU - Chen, Jingguang G.

AU - Daniel, Claus

AU - Dorhout, Peter K.

AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A.

AU - Gaffney, Kelly J.

AU - Gagliardi, Laura

AU - Harper, Aaron S.

AU - Heldebrant, David J.

AU - Luca, Oana R.

AU - Lyubovsky, Maxim

AU - Male, Jonathan L.

AU - Miller, Daniel J.

AU - Prozorov, Tanya

AU - Rallo, Robert

AU - Rana, Rachita

AU - Rioux, Robert M.

AU - Sadow, Aaron D.

AU - Schaidle, Joshua A.

AU - Schulte, Lisa A.

AU - Tarpeh, William A.

AU - Vlachos, Dionisios G.

AU - Vogt, Bryan D.

AU - Weber, Robert S.

AU - Yang, Jenny Y.

AU - Arenholz, Elke

AU - Helms, Brett A.

AU - Huang, Wenyu

AU - Jordahl, James L.

AU - Karakaya, Canan

AU - Kian, Kourosh

AU - Kothandaraman, Jotheeswari

AU - Lercher, Johannes

AU - Liu, Ping

AU - Malhotra, Deepika

AU - Mueller, Karl T.

AU - O’Brien, Casey P.

AU - Palomino, Robert M.

AU - Qi, Long

AU - Rodriguez, José A.

AU - Rousseau, Roger

AU - Russell, Jake C.

AU - Sarazen, Michele L.

AU - Sholl, David S.

AU - Smith, Emily A.

AU - Stevens, Michaela Burke

AU - Surendranath, Yogesh

AU - Tassone, Christopher J.

AU - Tran, Ba

AU - Tumas, William

AU - Walton, Krista S.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Argonne National Laboratory, Battelle Memorial Institute, UT- Battelle, LLC, Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, AMES National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Booz Allen Hamilton, BASF Corporation and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. This work contains contributions, authored by US Government employees in the course of their official duties, which are not subject to copyright protection in the US. Foreign copyright protection for these contributions may still apply 2024.

PY - 2024/5

Y1 - 2024/5

N2 - Electrification to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions is essential to mitigate climate change. However, a substantial portion of our manufacturing and transportation infrastructure will be difficult to electrify and/or will continue to use carbon as a key component, including areas in aviation, heavy-duty and marine transportation, and the chemical industry. In this Roadmap, we explore how multidisciplinary approaches will enable us to close the carbon cycle and create a circular economy by defossilizing these difficult-to-electrify areas and those that will continue to need carbon. We discuss two approaches for this: developing carbon alternatives and improving our ability to reuse carbon, enabled by separations. Furthermore, we posit that co-design and use-driven fundamental science are essential to reach aggressive greenhouse gas reduction targets. (Figure presented.)

AB - Electrification to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions is essential to mitigate climate change. However, a substantial portion of our manufacturing and transportation infrastructure will be difficult to electrify and/or will continue to use carbon as a key component, including areas in aviation, heavy-duty and marine transportation, and the chemical industry. In this Roadmap, we explore how multidisciplinary approaches will enable us to close the carbon cycle and create a circular economy by defossilizing these difficult-to-electrify areas and those that will continue to need carbon. We discuss two approaches for this: developing carbon alternatives and improving our ability to reuse carbon, enabled by separations. Furthermore, we posit that co-design and use-driven fundamental science are essential to reach aggressive greenhouse gas reduction targets. (Figure presented.)

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DO - 10.1038/s41570-024-00587-1

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SP - 376

EP - 400

JO - Nature Reviews Chemistry

JF - Nature Reviews Chemistry

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ER -

A US perspective on closing the carbon cycle to defossilize difficult-to-electrify segments of our economy

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