A statistical representation of bond coating oxidation under environmental barrier coatings

Mackenzie Ridley; Bruce Pint

doi:10.1111/ijac.15114

A statistical representation of bond coating oxidation under environmental barrier coatings

Mackenzie Ridley
, Bruce Pint

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) protect SiC-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in turbine hot sections from high-temperature volatilization in combustion gases. The formation of a SiO₂ thermally grown oxide (TGO) is expected under the EBC after long-term operation. The oxidation resistance of the EBC is understood as a life-limiting factor for the CMC, and this work predicts long-term oxidation behavior under EBCs through a simple statistical approach. Specimens were exposed to 1350°C isothermal conditions for 100-h thermal cycles in flowing steam for up to 1000 h. The EBC morphology, SiO₂ thickness, and SiO₂ cracking behavior were assessed. Using thousands of SiO₂ thickness measurements across many millimeters of the interface, a realistic representation of the entire TGO was captured via a lognormal distribution. The lognormal fit parameters were extrapolated out to 25 000 h to assess the degree of SiO₂ growth, the spread of SiO₂ thicknesses related to the rough oxidizing interface, and percentages of the intermediate bond coating consumed. Local interfacial defects from the coating deposition process are identified as local failure points for EBC—CMC systems.

Original language	English
Article number	e15114
Journal	International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
Volume	22
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.15114
State	Published - Jul 1 2025

Funding

This manuscript has been authored by UT\u2010Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE\u2010AC05\u201000OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid\u2010up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe\u2010public\u2010access\u2010plan ). The authors would like to thank J. Horenburg, G. Garner, and J. Wade from ORNL for their support with testing and metallography. The authors would also like to thank B. Lamm, T. Aguirre, and R. Golden for technical review. This work was funded by the Advanced Turbine Program, Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, Department of Energy.

Keywords

SiO
cracking
environmental barrier coating
oxidation

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10.1111/ijac.15114

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title = "A statistical representation of bond coating oxidation under environmental barrier coatings",

abstract = "Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) protect SiC-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in turbine hot sections from high-temperature volatilization in combustion gases. The formation of a SiO2 thermally grown oxide (TGO) is expected under the EBC after long-term operation. The oxidation resistance of the EBC is understood as a life-limiting factor for the CMC, and this work predicts long-term oxidation behavior under EBCs through a simple statistical approach. Specimens were exposed to 1350°C isothermal conditions for 100-h thermal cycles in flowing steam for up to 1000 h. The EBC morphology, SiO2 thickness, and SiO2 cracking behavior were assessed. Using thousands of SiO2 thickness measurements across many millimeters of the interface, a realistic representation of the entire TGO was captured via a lognormal distribution. The lognormal fit parameters were extrapolated out to 25 000 h to assess the degree of SiO2 growth, the spread of SiO2 thicknesses related to the rough oxidizing interface, and percentages of the intermediate bond coating consumed. Local interfacial defects from the coating deposition process are identified as local failure points for EBC—CMC systems.",

keywords = "SiO, cracking, environmental barrier coating, oxidation",

author = "Mackenzie Ridley and Bruce Pint",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The American Ceramic Society.",

year = "2025",

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doi = "10.1111/ijac.15114",

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volume = "22",

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T1 - A statistical representation of bond coating oxidation under environmental barrier coatings

AU - Ridley, Mackenzie

AU - Pint, Bruce

PY - 2025/7/1

Y1 - 2025/7/1

N2 - Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) protect SiC-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in turbine hot sections from high-temperature volatilization in combustion gases. The formation of a SiO2 thermally grown oxide (TGO) is expected under the EBC after long-term operation. The oxidation resistance of the EBC is understood as a life-limiting factor for the CMC, and this work predicts long-term oxidation behavior under EBCs through a simple statistical approach. Specimens were exposed to 1350°C isothermal conditions for 100-h thermal cycles in flowing steam for up to 1000 h. The EBC morphology, SiO2 thickness, and SiO2 cracking behavior were assessed. Using thousands of SiO2 thickness measurements across many millimeters of the interface, a realistic representation of the entire TGO was captured via a lognormal distribution. The lognormal fit parameters were extrapolated out to 25 000 h to assess the degree of SiO2 growth, the spread of SiO2 thicknesses related to the rough oxidizing interface, and percentages of the intermediate bond coating consumed. Local interfacial defects from the coating deposition process are identified as local failure points for EBC—CMC systems.

AB - Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) protect SiC-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in turbine hot sections from high-temperature volatilization in combustion gases. The formation of a SiO2 thermally grown oxide (TGO) is expected under the EBC after long-term operation. The oxidation resistance of the EBC is understood as a life-limiting factor for the CMC, and this work predicts long-term oxidation behavior under EBCs through a simple statistical approach. Specimens were exposed to 1350°C isothermal conditions for 100-h thermal cycles in flowing steam for up to 1000 h. The EBC morphology, SiO2 thickness, and SiO2 cracking behavior were assessed. Using thousands of SiO2 thickness measurements across many millimeters of the interface, a realistic representation of the entire TGO was captured via a lognormal distribution. The lognormal fit parameters were extrapolated out to 25 000 h to assess the degree of SiO2 growth, the spread of SiO2 thicknesses related to the rough oxidizing interface, and percentages of the intermediate bond coating consumed. Local interfacial defects from the coating deposition process are identified as local failure points for EBC—CMC systems.

KW - SiO

KW - cracking

KW - environmental barrier coating

KW - oxidation

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002122987

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DO - 10.1111/ijac.15114

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105002122987

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JO - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology

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ER -

A statistical representation of bond coating oxidation under environmental barrier coatings

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