A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector

Özgür Alaca; Ali Boyaci; Serhan Yarkan; Muhammed Ali Aydn

doi:10.1109/ISDFS.2019.8757512

A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector

Özgür Alaca, Ali Boyaci, Serhan Yarkan, Muhammed Ali Aydn

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Remote keyless entry (RKE) systems are an integral part of modern daily life. Vehicle access, drive authorization, and arming/disarming the alarm systems for houses, garages, and/or facilities are instances for popular uses of RKE. Despite their obvious advantages such as gaining access/authorization solely by carrying them, any security breach experienced with remote keyless entrys (RKEs) could end up with cataclysmic consequences. Therefore, manufacturers continuously develop new methods and techniques to fortify their RKEs systems. One of the prominent ways of tackling the inherent security concern is to establish a rapid wireless message exchange mechanism/protocol such that intruders could not have time to place their attacks. However, with recent advances in digital technology along with software-defined radio (SDR), quantification of rapidness becomes crucial for RKE manufacturers. Therefore, in this study, a statistical modulation type identifier for RKEs systems is proposed. Both an automatic modulation type identifier based on complex baseband equivalent of the received signal and an automatic mode detector are employed as an extension of traditional energy detector. This way, presumable bottlenecks for the receiver at intruder side are identified and elaborated. Measurement results are provided along with relevant discussions. Results demonstrate that frequency compensation along with energy detection are the two indispensable serial modules and provide the bottleneck for any receiver at intruder's side.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019
Editors	Asaf Varol, Murat Karabatak, Cihan Varol, Sevginur Teke
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)	9781728128276
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ISDFS.2019.8757512
State	Published - Jun 2019
Externally published	Yes
Event	7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019 - Barcelos, Portugal Duration: Jun 10 2019 → Jun 12 2019

Publication series

Name	7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019

Conference

Conference	7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019
Country/Territory	Portugal
City	Barcelos
Period	06/10/19 → 06/12/19

Funding

This work is supported by Istanbul Development Agency under the grants TR/10/18/YMP/0088. The authors also would like to thank Tapir Lab. at Istanbul Commerce University for their great assistance in data collection and postprocessing stages. VIII. ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work is supported by Istanbul Development Agency under the grants TR/10/18/YMP/0088. The authors also would like to thank Tapir Lab. at Istanbul Commerce University for their great assistance in data collection and postprocessing stages.

Keywords

Energy detector
Remote keyless entry
Software-defined radio
Statistical modulation
Wireless message exchange mechanism/protocol

Access to Document

10.1109/ISDFS.2019.8757512

Cite this

Alaca, Ö., Boyaci, A., Yarkan, S., & Aydn, M. A. (2019). A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector. In A. Varol, M. Karabatak, C. Varol, & S. Teke (Eds.), 7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019 Article 8757512 (7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISDFS.2019.8757512

Alaca, Özgür ; Boyaci, Ali ; Yarkan, Serhan et al. / A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector. 7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019. editor / Asaf Varol ; Murat Karabatak ; Cihan Varol ; Sevginur Teke. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019. (7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019).

@inproceedings{ea46d784502845918987d45cc6729c8c,

title = "A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector",

abstract = "Remote keyless entry (RKE) systems are an integral part of modern daily life. Vehicle access, drive authorization, and arming/disarming the alarm systems for houses, garages, and/or facilities are instances for popular uses of RKE. Despite their obvious advantages such as gaining access/authorization solely by carrying them, any security breach experienced with remote keyless entrys (RKEs) could end up with cataclysmic consequences. Therefore, manufacturers continuously develop new methods and techniques to fortify their RKEs systems. One of the prominent ways of tackling the inherent security concern is to establish a rapid wireless message exchange mechanism/protocol such that intruders could not have time to place their attacks. However, with recent advances in digital technology along with software-defined radio (SDR), quantification of rapidness becomes crucial for RKE manufacturers. Therefore, in this study, a statistical modulation type identifier for RKEs systems is proposed. Both an automatic modulation type identifier based on complex baseband equivalent of the received signal and an automatic mode detector are employed as an extension of traditional energy detector. This way, presumable bottlenecks for the receiver at intruder side are identified and elaborated. Measurement results are provided along with relevant discussions. Results demonstrate that frequency compensation along with energy detection are the two indispensable serial modules and provide the bottleneck for any receiver at intruder's side.",

keywords = "Energy detector, Remote keyless entry, Software-defined radio, Statistical modulation, Wireless message exchange mechanism/protocol",

author = "{\"O}zg{\"u}r Alaca and Ali Boyaci and Serhan Yarkan and Aydn, {Muhammed Ali}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 IEEE.; 7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019 ; Conference date: 10-06-2019 Through 12-06-2019",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1109/ISDFS.2019.8757512",

language = "English",

series = "7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

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Alaca, Ö , Boyaci, A, Yarkan, S & Aydn, MA 2019, A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector. in A Varol, M Karabatak, C Varol & S Teke (eds), 7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019., 8757512, 7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019, Barcelos, Portugal, 06/10/19. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISDFS.2019.8757512

A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector. / Alaca, Özgür ; Boyaci, Ali; Yarkan, Serhan et al.
7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019. ed. / Asaf Varol; Murat Karabatak; Cihan Varol; Sevginur Teke. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019. 8757512 (7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector

AU - Alaca, Özgür

AU - Boyaci, Ali

AU - Yarkan, Serhan

AU - Aydn, Muhammed Ali

PY - 2019/6

Y1 - 2019/6

N2 - Remote keyless entry (RKE) systems are an integral part of modern daily life. Vehicle access, drive authorization, and arming/disarming the alarm systems for houses, garages, and/or facilities are instances for popular uses of RKE. Despite their obvious advantages such as gaining access/authorization solely by carrying them, any security breach experienced with remote keyless entrys (RKEs) could end up with cataclysmic consequences. Therefore, manufacturers continuously develop new methods and techniques to fortify their RKEs systems. One of the prominent ways of tackling the inherent security concern is to establish a rapid wireless message exchange mechanism/protocol such that intruders could not have time to place their attacks. However, with recent advances in digital technology along with software-defined radio (SDR), quantification of rapidness becomes crucial for RKE manufacturers. Therefore, in this study, a statistical modulation type identifier for RKEs systems is proposed. Both an automatic modulation type identifier based on complex baseband equivalent of the received signal and an automatic mode detector are employed as an extension of traditional energy detector. This way, presumable bottlenecks for the receiver at intruder side are identified and elaborated. Measurement results are provided along with relevant discussions. Results demonstrate that frequency compensation along with energy detection are the two indispensable serial modules and provide the bottleneck for any receiver at intruder's side.

AB - Remote keyless entry (RKE) systems are an integral part of modern daily life. Vehicle access, drive authorization, and arming/disarming the alarm systems for houses, garages, and/or facilities are instances for popular uses of RKE. Despite their obvious advantages such as gaining access/authorization solely by carrying them, any security breach experienced with remote keyless entrys (RKEs) could end up with cataclysmic consequences. Therefore, manufacturers continuously develop new methods and techniques to fortify their RKEs systems. One of the prominent ways of tackling the inherent security concern is to establish a rapid wireless message exchange mechanism/protocol such that intruders could not have time to place their attacks. However, with recent advances in digital technology along with software-defined radio (SDR), quantification of rapidness becomes crucial for RKE manufacturers. Therefore, in this study, a statistical modulation type identifier for RKEs systems is proposed. Both an automatic modulation type identifier based on complex baseband equivalent of the received signal and an automatic mode detector are employed as an extension of traditional energy detector. This way, presumable bottlenecks for the receiver at intruder side are identified and elaborated. Measurement results are provided along with relevant discussions. Results demonstrate that frequency compensation along with energy detection are the two indispensable serial modules and provide the bottleneck for any receiver at intruder's side.

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Alaca Ö , Boyaci A, Yarkan S, Aydn MA. A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector. In Varol A, Karabatak M, Varol C, Teke S, editors, 7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2019. 8757512. (7th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2019). doi: 10.1109/ISDFS.2019.8757512

A statistical modulation type identifier for remote keyless entry transmitters based on extended energy detector

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