Abstract
For effective engagement of residential demand-side resources and to ensure efficient operation of distribution networks, we must overcome the challenges of controlling and coordinating residential components and devices at scale. In this paper, we present a distributed and scalable algorithm with a three-level hierarchical information exchange architecture for managing the residential demand response programs. First, a centralized optimization model is formulated to maximize community social welfare. Then, this centralized model is solved in a distributed manner with alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) by decomposing the original problem to utility-level and house-level problems. The information exchange between the different layers is limited to the primary residual (i.e., supply-demand mismatch), Lagrangian multipliers, and the total load of each house to protect each customer's privacy. Simulation studies are performed on the IEEE 33 bus test system with 605 residential customers. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can reduce customers' electricity bills and reduce the peak load at the utility level without much affecting customers' comfort and privacy. Finally, a quantitative comparison of the distributed and centralized algorithms shows the scalability advantage of the proposed ADMM-based approach, and it gives benchmarking results with achievable value for future research works.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 9112232 |
| Pages (from-to) | 4871-4882 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Nov 2020 |
Funding
Manuscript received August 21, 2019; revised December 26, 2019 and March 29, 2020; accepted May 7, 2020. Date of publication June 9, 2020; date of current version October 21, 2020. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). This research work was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technology Office under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The work of Xiao Kou and Fangxing Li acknowledge the shared facility support provided by CURENT, an Engineering Research Center supported by U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and Department of Energy through NSF under Award EEC-1041877. Paper no. TSG-01229-2019. (Corresponding author: Fangxing Li.) Xiao Kou and Fangxing Li are with the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA (e-mail: [email protected]). This research work was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technology Office under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The work of Xiao Kou and Fangxing Li acknowledge the shared facility support provided by CURENT, an Engineering Research Center supported by U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and Department of Energy through NSF under Award EEC-1041877. Paper no. TSG-01229-2019.
Keywords
- Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)
- demand-side resources (DSR)
- home energy management systems (HEMS)
- residential demand response management systems