Abstract
A variety of microbial communities and their genes (the microbiome) exist throughout the human body, with fundamental roles in human health and disease. The National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Human Microbiome Project Consortium has established a population-scale framework to develop metagenomic protocols, resulting in a broad range of quality-controlled resources and data including standardized methods for creating, processing and interpreting distinct types of high-throughput metagenomic data available to the scientific community. Here we present resources from a population of 242 healthy adults sampled at 15 or 18 body sites up to three times, which have generated 5,177 microbial taxonomic profiles from 16S ribosomal RNA genes and over 3.5 terabases of metagenomic sequence so far. In parallel, approximately 800 reference strains isolated from the human body have been sequenced. Collectively, these data represent the largest resource describing the abundance and variety of the human microbiome, while providing a framework for current and future studies.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 215-221 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Nature |
| Volume | 486 |
| Issue number | 7402 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 14 2012 |
Funding
Acknowledgements The consortium would like to thank our external scientific advisory board: R. Blumberg, J. Davies, R. Holt, P. Ossorio, F. Ouellette, G. Schoolnik and A. Williamson. We would also like to thank our collaborators throughout the International Human Microbiome Consortium, particularly the investigators of the MetaHIT project, for advancing human microbiome research. Data repository management was provided by the NCBI and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH National Library of Medicine. We especially appreciate the generous participation of the individuals from the St Louis, Missouri, and Houston, Texas areas who made this study possible. This research was supported in part by NIH grants U54HG004969 to B.W.B.; U54HG003273 to R.A.G.; U54HG004973 to R.A.G., S.K.H. and J.F.P.; U54HG003067 to E. S. Lander.; U54AI084844 to K.E.N.; N01AI30071 to R. L. Strausberg; U54HG004968 to G.M.W.; U01HG004866 to O.W.; U54HG003079 to R.K.W.; R01HG005969 to C.H.; R01HG004872 to R.K.; R01HG004885 to M.P.; R01HG005975 to P.D.S.; R01HG004908 to Y.Y.; R01HG004900 to M. K. Cho and P. Sankar; R01HG005171 to D.E.H.; R01HG004853 to A.L.M.; R01HG004856 to R.R.; R01HG004877 to R.R.S. and R.M.F.; R01HG005172 to P. Spicer; R01HG004857 to M.P.; R01HG004906 to T.M.S.; R21HG005811 to E.A.-V.; G.A.B. was supported by UH2AI083263 and UH3AI083263 (G.A.B., C. N. Cornelissen, L. K. Eaves and J. F. Strauss); M.J.B. was supported by UH2AR057506, S.M.H. was supported by UH3DK083993 (V. B. Young, E. B. Chang, F. Meyer, T.M.S., M. L. Sogin, J. M. Tiedje); K.P.R. was supported by UH2DK083990 (J.V.); J.A.S. and H.H.K. were supported by UH2AR057504 and UH3AR057504 (J.A.S.); DP2OD001500 to K.M.A.; N01HG62088 to the Coriell Institute for Medical Research; U01DE016937 to F.E.D.; S.K.-H. was supported by RC1DE020298and R01DE021574 (S.K.-H. and H. Li); J.I. was supported by R21CA139193 (J.I. and D. S. Michaud); K.P.L. was supported by P30DE020751 (D. J. Smith); Army Research Office grant W911NF-11-1-0473 to C.H.; National Science Foundation grants NSF DBI-1053486 to C.H. and NSF IIS-0812111 to M.P.; The Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 for P.S.C.; LANL Laboratory-Directed Research and Development grant 20100034DR and the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency grants B104153I and B084531I to P.S.C.; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) grant to K.F. andJ. Raes; R.K. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Early Career Scientist; Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation funding and institutional funding from the J. David Gladstone Institutes to K.S.P.; A.M.S. was supported by fellowships provided by the Rackham Graduate School and the NIH Molecular Mechanisms in Microbial Pathogenesis Training Grant T32AI007528; a Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of Canada Grant in Aid of Research to E.A.-V.; 2010 IBM Faculty Award to K.C.W. Analysis of the HMP data was performed using National Energy Research Scientific Computing resources; the BluBioU Computational Resource at Rice University.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Coriell Institute for Medical Research | P30DE020751, R01DE021574, R21CA139193, U01DE016937 |
| NCBI | |
| Research Foundation - Flanders | |
| National Science Foundation | DBI-1053486, IIS-0812111 |
| National Institutes of Health | R01HG004853, R01HG004877, R01HG004856, R01HG004872, DP2OD001500, UH2DK083990, U54HG004973, N01AI30071, R01HG004857, R01HG005969, U54HG003067, R21HG005811, UH2AR057506, UH2AI083263, UH2AR057504, U54AI084844, UH3DK083993, R01HG005975, R01HG004900, U54HG004968, U54HG004969, R01HG004885, R01HG004906, R01HG004908, U54HG003079, N01HG62088, U54HG003273, R01HG005171, R01HG005172 |
| Howard Hughes Medical Institute | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | DE-AC02-05CH11231 |
| National Human Genome Research Institute | U01HG004866 |
| U.S. National Library of Medicine | |
| Army Research Office | W911NF-11-1-0473 |
| Defense Threat Reduction Agency | B104153I, B084531I |
| Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation | |
| Office of Science | |
| Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies, University of Michigan | T32AI007528 |
| Laboratory Directed Research and Development | 20100034DR |
| Rice University | |
| Gladstone Institutes | |
| Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of Canada | |
| Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek |