Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) production in 2023 reached 150 million tons and is associated with potential concomitant production of up to 500 million tons of CO2 each year. Efforts to produce green NH3 are compromised since it is difficult to separate using conventional condensation chillers, but in situ separation with minimal cooling is challenging. While metal-organic framework materials offer some potential, they are often unstable and decompose in the presence of caustic and corrosive NH3. Here, we address these challenges by developing a pore-expansion strategy utilizing the flexible phosphonate framework, STA-12(Ni), which shows exceptional stability and capture of NH3 at ppm levels at elevated temperatures (100-220 °C) even under humid conditions. A remarkable NH3 uptake of 4.76 mmol g-1 at 100 μbar (equivalent to 100 ppm) is observed, and in situ neutron powder diffraction, inelastic neutron scattering, and infrared microspectroscopy, coupled with modeling, reveal a pore expansion from triclinic to a rhombohedral structure on cooperative binding of NH3 to unsaturated Ni(II) sites and phosphonate groups. STA-12(Ni) can be readily engineered into pellets or monoliths without losing adsorption capacity, underscoring its practical potential.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Journal of the American Chemical Society |
DOIs | |
State | Accepted/In press - 2024 |
Funding
We thank the EPSRC (EP/I011870 and EP/V056409), the University of Manchester, National Science Foundation of China, Peking University, and BNLMS for funding. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 742401, NANOCHEM, and grant agreement no. 715502, EvoluTEM). We are grateful to the Diamond Light Source and STFC/ISIS Facility for the access to beamtimes B22 and TOSCA/WISH, respectively. L.G., J.Y., J.M., L.S., and Y.H. thank the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for funding. J.R. is supported by the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (decision no. BPN/BEK/2022/1/00053/DEC/1). This research used computing resources made available through the VirtuES and the ICE-MAN projects, funded by Laboratory Directed Research and Development program and Compute and Data Environment for Science (CADES) at ORNL, as well as resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Centre (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility located at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, operated under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 using NERSC award ERCAP0024340. Molecular simulations have been carried out in Wroclaw Center for Networking and Supercomputing ( http://www.wcss.pl ).