A comprehensive review on regeneration strategies for direct air capture

Keju An; Kai Li; Cheng Min Yang; Jamieson Brechtl; Kashif Nawaz

doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102587

A comprehensive review on regeneration strategies for direct air capture

Keju An, Kai Li, Cheng Min Yang, Jamieson Brechtl, Kashif Nawaz

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

20 Scopus citations

Abstract

Direct air capture (DAC), which removes CO₂ directly from ambient air, is a critical negative emission technology for mitigating global climate change. Efficiency and the source of energy are crucial considerations for DAC to enable negative emissions. Substantial technological progress has been made in DAC technologies, and promising opportunities exist for commercial-scale deployments. However, DAC technologies require high regeneration energy to release CO₂ from sorbents. Various approaches have been tested and optimized for different DAC systems. This review demonstrates that the work equivalent regeneration energy demand (supported by either the electric grid or fossil fuel combustion) ranges from 0.5–18.75 GJ/t-CO₂ for solid sorbent DAC systems and 0.62–17.28 GJ/t-CO₂ for liquid solvent DAC systems. The regeneration process is the energy-demanding process in DAC that is a key step for efficient operation. Potential methods to lower the regeneration energy demand include microwave, ultrasound, magnetic particle heating, and electric swing. Although the potential methods to date are still at the lab scale, significant work is being done to optimize DAC system processes.

Original language	English
Article number	102587
Journal	Journal of CO2 Utilization
Volume	76
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102587
State	Published - Oct 2023

Funding

The authors acknowledge the support from the US Department of Energy Building Technology Office at the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy , Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management , and Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle LLC. The authors acknowledge the support from the US Department of Energy Building Technology Office at the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, and Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle LLC.

Keywords

CO capture capacity
Direct air capture
Energy demand
Negative emission technology
Regeneration method

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102587

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title = "A comprehensive review on regeneration strategies for direct air capture",

abstract = "Direct air capture (DAC), which removes CO2 directly from ambient air, is a critical negative emission technology for mitigating global climate change. Efficiency and the source of energy are crucial considerations for DAC to enable negative emissions. Substantial technological progress has been made in DAC technologies, and promising opportunities exist for commercial-scale deployments. However, DAC technologies require high regeneration energy to release CO2 from sorbents. Various approaches have been tested and optimized for different DAC systems. This review demonstrates that the work equivalent regeneration energy demand (supported by either the electric grid or fossil fuel combustion) ranges from 0.5–18.75 GJ/t-CO2 for solid sorbent DAC systems and 0.62–17.28 GJ/t-CO2 for liquid solvent DAC systems. The regeneration process is the energy-demanding process in DAC that is a key step for efficient operation. Potential methods to lower the regeneration energy demand include microwave, ultrasound, magnetic particle heating, and electric swing. Although the potential methods to date are still at the lab scale, significant work is being done to optimize DAC system processes.",

keywords = "CO capture capacity, Direct air capture, Energy demand, Negative emission technology, Regeneration method",

author = "Keju An and Kai Li and Yang, {Cheng Min} and Jamieson Brechtl and Kashif Nawaz",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102587",

language = "English",

volume = "76",

journal = "Journal of CO2 Utilization",

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T1 - A comprehensive review on regeneration strategies for direct air capture

AU - An, Keju

AU - Li, Kai

AU - Yang, Cheng Min

AU - Brechtl, Jamieson

AU - Nawaz, Kashif

PY - 2023/10

Y1 - 2023/10

N2 - Direct air capture (DAC), which removes CO2 directly from ambient air, is a critical negative emission technology for mitigating global climate change. Efficiency and the source of energy are crucial considerations for DAC to enable negative emissions. Substantial technological progress has been made in DAC technologies, and promising opportunities exist for commercial-scale deployments. However, DAC technologies require high regeneration energy to release CO2 from sorbents. Various approaches have been tested and optimized for different DAC systems. This review demonstrates that the work equivalent regeneration energy demand (supported by either the electric grid or fossil fuel combustion) ranges from 0.5–18.75 GJ/t-CO2 for solid sorbent DAC systems and 0.62–17.28 GJ/t-CO2 for liquid solvent DAC systems. The regeneration process is the energy-demanding process in DAC that is a key step for efficient operation. Potential methods to lower the regeneration energy demand include microwave, ultrasound, magnetic particle heating, and electric swing. Although the potential methods to date are still at the lab scale, significant work is being done to optimize DAC system processes.

AB - Direct air capture (DAC), which removes CO2 directly from ambient air, is a critical negative emission technology for mitigating global climate change. Efficiency and the source of energy are crucial considerations for DAC to enable negative emissions. Substantial technological progress has been made in DAC technologies, and promising opportunities exist for commercial-scale deployments. However, DAC technologies require high regeneration energy to release CO2 from sorbents. Various approaches have been tested and optimized for different DAC systems. This review demonstrates that the work equivalent regeneration energy demand (supported by either the electric grid or fossil fuel combustion) ranges from 0.5–18.75 GJ/t-CO2 for solid sorbent DAC systems and 0.62–17.28 GJ/t-CO2 for liquid solvent DAC systems. The regeneration process is the energy-demanding process in DAC that is a key step for efficient operation. Potential methods to lower the regeneration energy demand include microwave, ultrasound, magnetic particle heating, and electric swing. Although the potential methods to date are still at the lab scale, significant work is being done to optimize DAC system processes.

KW - CO capture capacity

KW - Direct air capture

KW - Energy demand

KW - Negative emission technology

KW - Regeneration method

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DO - 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102587

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VL - 76

JO - Journal of CO2 Utilization

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A comprehensive review on regeneration strategies for direct air capture

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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