3D MHD modelling of plasmoid drift following massive material injection in a tokamak

the JOREK Team, JET Contributors and the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ad96ca

3D MHD modelling of plasmoid drift following massive material injection in a tokamak

the JOREK Team, JET Contributors and the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Mechanisms of plasmoid drift following massive material injection are studied via 3D non-linear MHD modelling with the JOREK code, using a transient neutral source deposited at the low field side midplane of a JET H-mode plasma to clarify basic processes and compare with existing theories. The simulations confirm the important role of the propagation of shear Alfvén wave (SAW) packets from both ends of the plasmoid ('SAW braking') and the development of external resistive currents along magnetic field lines ('Pégourié braking') in limiting charge separation and thus the E×B plasmoid drift, where E and B are the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. The drift velocity is found to be limited by the SAW braking on the few microseconds timescale for cases with relatively small source amplitude while the Pégourié braking acting on a longer timescale is shown to set in earlier with larger toroidal extent of the source, both in good agreement with existing theories. The simulations also identify the key role of the size of the E×B flow region on plasmoid drift and show that the saturated velocity caused by dominant SAW braking agrees well with theory when considering an effective pressure within the E×B flow region. The existence of SAWs in the simulations is demonstrated and the 3D picture of plasmoid drift is discussed.

Original language	English
Article number	016042
Journal	Nuclear Fusion
Volume	65
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad96ca
State	Published - Jan 1 2025

Funding

The authors would like to thank B Pégourié, R Ramasamy and F J Artola for fruitful discussions. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (Grant Agreement No 101052200 - EUROfusion). The Swiss contribution to this work has been funded by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research ad Innovation (SERI). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union, the European Commission or the SERI. Neither the European Union nor the European Commission nor SERI can be held responsible for them. The JOREK modelling presented were performed on the Marconi-Fusion supercomputer hosted at CINECA. This work was supported in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation.

Keywords

JOREK
MHD modelling
disruption
massive material injection
plasmoid drift

Access to Document

10.1088/1741-4326/ad96ca

Cite this

@article{0016a41a6f88498aa4c23f9130c93ced,

title = "3D MHD modelling of plasmoid drift following massive material injection in a tokamak",

abstract = "Mechanisms of plasmoid drift following massive material injection are studied via 3D non-linear MHD modelling with the JOREK code, using a transient neutral source deposited at the low field side midplane of a JET H-mode plasma to clarify basic processes and compare with existing theories. The simulations confirm the important role of the propagation of shear Alfv{\'e}n wave (SAW) packets from both ends of the plasmoid ('SAW braking') and the development of external resistive currents along magnetic field lines ('P{\'e}gouri{\'e} braking') in limiting charge separation and thus the E×B plasmoid drift, where E and B are the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. The drift velocity is found to be limited by the SAW braking on the few microseconds timescale for cases with relatively small source amplitude while the P{\'e}gouri{\'e} braking acting on a longer timescale is shown to set in earlier with larger toroidal extent of the source, both in good agreement with existing theories. The simulations also identify the key role of the size of the E×B flow region on plasmoid drift and show that the saturated velocity caused by dominant SAW braking agrees well with theory when considering an effective pressure within the E×B flow region. The existence of SAWs in the simulations is demonstrated and the 3D picture of plasmoid drift is discussed.",

keywords = "JOREK, MHD modelling, disruption, massive material injection, plasmoid drift",

author = "\{the JOREK Team, JET Contributors and the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team\} and M. Kong and E. Nardon and D. Bonfiglio and M. Hoelzl and D. Hu and Huijsmans, \{G. T.A.\} and Artola, \{F. J.\} and M. Becoulet and N. Schwarz and A. Cathey and Pamela, \{S. J.P.\} and K. Aleynikova and F. Antlitz and V. Bandaru and H. Bergstr{\"o}m and A. Bhole and T. Bogaarts and F. Cipolletta and T. Driessen and L. Edes and S. Futatani and G. Hao and F. Hindenlang and I. Holod and S. Hu and N. Isernia and H. Isliker and Kim, \{S. K.\} and S. Korving and L. Kos and I. Krebs and Lee, \{S. J.\} and Liang, \{Y. C.\} and Z. Liang and L. Baylor and M. Beidler and T. Biewer and J. Herfindal and C. Klepper and B. Lomanowski and M. Loughlin and S. Meitner and T. Pandya and G. Radulescu and J. Risner and D. Shiraki and D. Spong and G. Staebler and W. Tierens and S. Gorno",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s).",

year = "2025",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/1741-4326/ad96ca",

language = "English",

volume = "65",

journal = "Nuclear Fusion",

issn = "0029-5515",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - 3D MHD modelling of plasmoid drift following massive material injection in a tokamak

AU - the JOREK Team, JET Contributors and the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team

AU - Kong, M.

AU - Nardon, E.

AU - Bonfiglio, D.

AU - Hoelzl, M.

AU - Hu, D.

AU - Huijsmans, G. T.A.

AU - Artola, F. J.

AU - Becoulet, M.

AU - Schwarz, N.

AU - Cathey, A.

AU - Pamela, S. J.P.

AU - Aleynikova, K.

AU - Antlitz, F.

AU - Bandaru, V.

AU - Bergström, H.

AU - Bhole, A.

AU - Bogaarts, T.

AU - Cipolletta, F.

AU - Driessen, T.

AU - Edes, L.

AU - Futatani, S.

AU - Hao, G.

AU - Hindenlang, F.

AU - Holod, I.

AU - Hu, S.

AU - Isernia, N.

AU - Isliker, H.

AU - Kim, S. K.

AU - Korving, S.

AU - Kos, L.

AU - Krebs, I.

AU - Lee, S. J.

AU - Liang, Y. C.

AU - Liang, Z.

AU - Baylor, L.

AU - Beidler, M.

AU - Biewer, T.

AU - Herfindal, J.

AU - Klepper, C.

AU - Lomanowski, B.

AU - Loughlin, M.

AU - Meitner, S.

AU - Pandya, T.

AU - Radulescu, G.

AU - Risner, J.

AU - Shiraki, D.

AU - Spong, D.

AU - Staebler, G.

AU - Tierens, W.

AU - Gorno, S.

PY - 2025/1/1

Y1 - 2025/1/1

N2 - Mechanisms of plasmoid drift following massive material injection are studied via 3D non-linear MHD modelling with the JOREK code, using a transient neutral source deposited at the low field side midplane of a JET H-mode plasma to clarify basic processes and compare with existing theories. The simulations confirm the important role of the propagation of shear Alfvén wave (SAW) packets from both ends of the plasmoid ('SAW braking') and the development of external resistive currents along magnetic field lines ('Pégourié braking') in limiting charge separation and thus the E×B plasmoid drift, where E and B are the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. The drift velocity is found to be limited by the SAW braking on the few microseconds timescale for cases with relatively small source amplitude while the Pégourié braking acting on a longer timescale is shown to set in earlier with larger toroidal extent of the source, both in good agreement with existing theories. The simulations also identify the key role of the size of the E×B flow region on plasmoid drift and show that the saturated velocity caused by dominant SAW braking agrees well with theory when considering an effective pressure within the E×B flow region. The existence of SAWs in the simulations is demonstrated and the 3D picture of plasmoid drift is discussed.

AB - Mechanisms of plasmoid drift following massive material injection are studied via 3D non-linear MHD modelling with the JOREK code, using a transient neutral source deposited at the low field side midplane of a JET H-mode plasma to clarify basic processes and compare with existing theories. The simulations confirm the important role of the propagation of shear Alfvén wave (SAW) packets from both ends of the plasmoid ('SAW braking') and the development of external resistive currents along magnetic field lines ('Pégourié braking') in limiting charge separation and thus the E×B plasmoid drift, where E and B are the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. The drift velocity is found to be limited by the SAW braking on the few microseconds timescale for cases with relatively small source amplitude while the Pégourié braking acting on a longer timescale is shown to set in earlier with larger toroidal extent of the source, both in good agreement with existing theories. The simulations also identify the key role of the size of the E×B flow region on plasmoid drift and show that the saturated velocity caused by dominant SAW braking agrees well with theory when considering an effective pressure within the E×B flow region. The existence of SAWs in the simulations is demonstrated and the 3D picture of plasmoid drift is discussed.

KW - JOREK

KW - MHD modelling

KW - disruption

KW - massive material injection

KW - plasmoid drift

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/86000282512

U2 - 10.1088/1741-4326/ad96ca

DO - 10.1088/1741-4326/ad96ca

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:86000282512

SN - 0029-5515

VL - 65

JO - Nuclear Fusion

JF - Nuclear Fusion

IS - 1

M1 - 016042

ER -

3D MHD modelling of plasmoid drift following massive material injection in a tokamak

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this